This study was carried out to determine the effects of acetic acid, hot water, and cold sand stratification scarification at different periods on seed germination carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) in Salah Alden province. The seeds were collected from Kirkuk province area September 2016. Carob stratified not treated by soaking glacial acid for 20, 40, 60, 120 min. lab temperature (25oC). Hot water (...

Ecophysiological stimulators directly affect root morphology, especially in the embryonic stage. To enhance crop germination, an understanding of traits under abiotic inducers is needed. In this study, combined impacts white and red-blue light spectrums, cold stratification, seed fortification involving various concentrations bioactive chemicals namely simple nutrient addition program solution,...

In an overall approach aiming at the development and qualification of various tools designed to diagnose and/or forecast flows local scale in complex terrain, we qualified a numerical model based on WRF platform operated two-way nested domain mode, down horizontal resolution 111 m for smallest domain. The area question is Cadarache valley (CV), southeast France, which surrounded by hills valley...

Abstract. Ice caves are, similar to mountain glaciers, threatened by the warming climate. To better understand response of perennial ice in a changing climate, we analysed thermal characteristics sag-type cave Austrian Alps (Hundsalm cave), based on long-term temperature measurements for period 2008–2021. Observations show trend all parts as well distinct seasonal pattern with two main regimes,...

The transportation of pollutants from impervious surfaces during runoff events to receiving water bodies is a serious environmental problem. Summer runoff is also heated by impervious surfaces, causing thermal enrichment in receiving water body systems and degradation of coldwater aquatic ecosystems. End-of-pipe stormwater management facilities that are open to the environment can result in fur...