The pulp and paper industry generates large quantities of bark wood waste (BWW), most which is disposed at dumps. There are dozens such dumpsites in Russia, some cause negative environmental impacts due to their proximity bodies water. Unlike fresh BWW, old BWW characterized by significant heterogeneity. Given that stored long-term dumps a water-heavy woody material subjected varying degrees mi...

Observations of precipitating trade wind cumuli show convective invigoration on the downwind side of their cold pools. The authors study convection and cold pools using a nested–Weather Research and Forecasting Model simulation of 19 January 2005—a day from the Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean experiment. The temperature and water vapor mixing ratio drops in simulated cold pools fall within the e...

Despite hazard mitigation efforts and scientific and technological advances, extremeweather events continue to cause substantial losses. The impacts of extreme weather result from complex interactions among physical and human systems across spatial and temporal scales. This article synthesizes current interdisciplinary knowledge about extreme weather, including temperature extremes (heat and co...

Ahvaz can be regarded as one of the most polluted cities in the world in terms of air pollution. Successive years of drought and weather conditions in recent years have resulted in particulate matter (PM10) concentration in Ahvaz. In this study, using probability distribution techniques, an appropriate threshold to identify the PM10 maximum extreme concentrations (MEC) has been detected. Based ...

BACKGROUND During cold weather months in much of the country, the temperatures in which prehospital care is delivered creates the potential for inadvertently cool intravenous fluids to be administered to patients during their transport and care by emergency medical services (EMS). There is some potential for patient harm from unintentional infusion of cool intravenous fluids. Prehospital provid...