Combustion of coal to generate heat for the generation of steam that drives a turbine to produce electricity is widely used. Considerable advances have been and continue to be made to improve the performance of the combustion process itself, either by staging the process or by better control. These have resulted in improved fuelefficiency and a reduction in emissions exiting the boiler. During ...

The oxy-combustion technology is ready for demonstration [1]. However, the energy penalty and investment cost related to CO2 capture are still too high to implement this technology in the power industry. The thermal efficiency penalty is currently around 10% points, and as discussed in [2] it is commonly expected to be reduced to below 6% points in the near future. Improvements on the sub-units...

Fossil fuels are the most widely used resource for energy production. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions correlated with climate change, and therefore these must be reduced in future. It is possible by means of many different technologies, one promising seems to oxyfuel combustion. This process, oxygen recirculating gas, produces a concentrated stream CO2 water. In recent years, scientists carried ...

1. Many chemical contaminants are formed during the combustion of fuel both in the smoking and in the direct drying process. Examples include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), dioxins, formaldehyde, nitrogen and sulphur oxides (relevant for formation of e.g. nitrosamines). Furthermore, heavy metals are also found in combustion gases. The types and amount of contaminants depend on the fuel...

Lean operation of spark ignition (SI) automotive engines offers attractive performance incentives. Lowered combustion temperatures inhibit NO, pollutant formation while reduced manifold throttling minimizes pumping losses, leading to higher efficiency. These benefits are offset by the reduced combustion speed of lean mixtures, which can lead to high cycle-to-cycle variation and unacceptable eng...

This paper is a very brief review of the method for analyzing the space and time dependent exergy and irreversibility fields in processes. It presents the basic equations, the method for their use, and three examples from the work of the author and his former graduate students: flow desiccation, combustion of oil droplets, and combustion of pulverized coal. Conclusions from this Second Law anal...

Due to the complexity of modeling the combustion process in nuclear power plants, the global mechanisms are preferred for numerical simulation. To quickly perform the highly resolved simulations with limited processing resources of large-scale hydrogen combustion, a method based on thermal theory was developed to obtain kinetic parameters of global reaction mechanism of hydrogen–air combustion ...