BACKGROUND Patients who complain of constipation can be divided into those who have lost the natural call to stool, but develop abdominal discomfort after several days without a bowel movement (no urge); and those who experience a constant sensation of incomplete evacuation (urge). AIMS To determine whether the two groups differ in symptoms, colonic transit, and perceptual responses to contro...

INTRODUCTION. Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the presence of tissue that is histologically identical to endometrium at ectopic locations outside the uterine cavity and protean manifestations. The incidence of endometriosis is strongly influenced by the awareness of non-classical lesions and because of the long-standing interest of the group in these lesions. The prominent symptoms ...

Farming contributes a good portion of African GDP and employs substantial percentage Africa’s labour force. farming is characterised by smallholder farmers who sell to market actors’ agents brokers. As result, complain low returns on investments cartel behaviour which discourage younger generation in venturing into or taking as business. The objective this paper review the literature suggest mo...

Pharmaceutical industry sectors are at odds as the Food and Drug Administration seeks to define "interchangeability" for biosimilars. The battle lines vary by topic, but biosimilar marketers, health plans, and drugstores are generally urging lower hurdles.

Background Injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve (IPBSN) is common after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft, as reported in up to 88% of the cases. Due to close relationship between the IPBSN with pes anserine tendons insertion skin incision may sever IPBSN while harvesting gracillis and semitendinous tendons. As the IPBSN course at the anterior ...

OBJECTIVE Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently complain of a diminished sense of smell. Less frequently, they may complain of taste impairment. In the present study, we investigated the symptoms, frequency, and severity of taste impairment as well as smell impairment in PD patients and compared the results with those of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS ...

a vermiform specimen taken from a 10-year-old boy patient with the chief complain of sneezing, coughing and nasal dis-charge with a history of consumption of fast snack in the day before and liver of sheep in two weeks ago was referred for diagnosis to the helminth taxonomy laboratory, dept. of mdical parasitology and mycology, school of public health, tehran university of medical sciences, ira...

This was an eight year (2000-2007) retrospective study of tuberculosis in patients admitted to the UMMC. A total of 131 cases were analyzed. Malays constituted the most cases, (43%), followed by Chinese (22%), Indians (17%) and others (18%). The majority of cases were within the 21-60 year old age group, which constituted 69.5% of the total. Males were more commonly affected (65%). Most cases w...

BACKGROUND Intraorbital metastases of breast cancer is rare with only 3-10% of all ocular metastases. We report a case of orbital metastases as first sign of systemic metastatic spread in a female patient with breast cancer. METHODS The patient had been diagnosed with breast cancer 3 years before. Her present complain was local pain, diplopia and periorbital swelling. A CT scan revealed exten...

There is now a well-established body of literature documenting the pervasive inadequate treatment of pain in this country.' There have also been allegations, and some data, supporting the notion that women are more likely than men to be undertreated or inappropriately diagnosed and treated for their pain. One particularly troublesome study indicated that women are more likely to be given sedati...