Flow within thick liquid films present owing to capillary effects in the pore space is of key importance in many multiphase flow applications in porous media, for example, drying or oil recovery processes. The viscous resistance to the flow is a key parameter for modelling fluid transport in such situations. It is well known for liquid films wetting the corners of tubes of polygonal cross-secti...

1. Total renal blood flow and its cortical distribution were measured by the microsphere technique before and after haemorrhage in conscious rabbits, and after haemorrhage in rabbits anaesthetized with pentobarbitone, chloralose-urethane or ether. 2. The average blood loss necessary to achieve a fall in systolic blood pressure to about 65 mmHg was 101 ml in conscious rabbits and 38, 90 and 118 ...

A spatially confined stability analysis is reported for the cylinder wake at Reynolds numbers 190 and 260. The two three-dimensional instabilities at these Reynolds numbers are shown to be driven by the flow just behind the cylinder.

one important application of fiber reinforced polymer (frp) is to confine concrete as frp jackets in seismic retrofit process of reinforced concrete structures. confinement can improve concrete properties such as compressive strength and ultimate axial strain. for the safe and economic design of frp jackets, the stress-strain behavior of frp-confined concrete under monotonic and cyclic compress...

Transition metal catalysis plays an important role in both industry and in academia where selectivity, activity and stability are crucial parameters to control. Next to changing the structure of the ligand, introducing a confined space as a second coordination sphere around a metal catalyst has recently been shown to be a viable method to induce new selectivity and activity in transition metal ...

We develop an analytical method for studying the properties of a noninteracting wormlike chain (WLC) in confined geometries. The mean-field-like theory replaces the rigid constraints of confinement with average constraints, thus allowing us to develop a tractable method for treating a WLC wrapped on the surface of a sphere, and fully encapsulated within it. The efficacy of the theory is establi...

Thin films of molecular gels formed in a confined space have potential applications in transdermal delivery, artificial skin, molecular electronics, etc. The microstructures and properties of thin gel films can be significantly different from those of their bulk counterparts. However, so far a comprehensive understanding of the effects of spatial confinement on the molecular gelation kinetics, ...