The IETF’s standard congestion control schemes have been widely shown to be inadequate for various environments (e.g., high-speed networks). Recent research has yielded many alternate congestion control schemes that significantly differ from the IETF’s congestion control principles. Using these new congestion control schemes in the global Internet has possible ramifications to both the traffic ...

The COVID-19 pandemic has created unforeseen effects in public transport and the mobility of people cities globally. Johannesburg, being a developing city one most affected countries Africa during pandemic, experienced severe changes traffic management travel patterns as result restrictions imposed on movement. Hence, this study examined spatial variations pandemic. utilized data obtained from ...

Wireless networks have long suffered from congestion. It occurs when source node transmits the data at a rate greater than that of a network device can accommodate. It causes the buffer on such devices to fill up and possibly overflow. It results in loss of packets. Most of the Routing protocols which are currently in use are not congestion Adaptive. Existing congestion control schemes treat co...

Acute venous congestion leads to blood stasis in the tissue and impaired blood perfusion. Using medicinal leech is an old method for reducing tissue congestion. There are numerous factors in leech saliva and hirudin that have important roles in the leeching beneficial effect. In this study, an animal study was performed to compare leech therapy with heparin therapy in the treatment of acute ven...

Congestion management in electricity markets is traditionally done using deterministic values of power system parameters considering a fixed network configuration. In this paper, a stochastic programming framework is proposed for congestion management considering the power system uncertainties. The uncertainty sources that are modeled in the proposed stochastic framework consist of contingencie...

Congestion is said to occur in the network when the resource demands exceed the capacity and packets are lost due to too much queuing in the network. During congestion, the network throughput may drop to zero and the path delay may become very high. A congestion control scheme helps the network to recover from the congestion state. A congestion avoidance scheme allows a network to operate in th...

In WSN, usually tens or thousands of sensor nodes are deployed, scattered way in an area with one or more sinks. Moreover, for achieving reliability and load balancing, several multipath routing protocols have been proposed. But the limitation of these protocols is traffic overhead. Thus the occurrence of congestion in this situation is more likely.[3] The situation becomes worse when congestio...