Gap junctions between glial cells in mammalian CNS are known to contain several connexins (Cx), including Cx26, Cx30 and Cx43 at astrocyte-to-astrocyte junctions, and Cx29 and Cx32 on the oligodendrocyte side of astrocyte-to-oligodendrocyte junctions. Recent reports indicating that oligodendrocytes also express Cx47 prompted the present studies of Cx47 localization and relationships to other gl...

Tight junctions help prevent the passage of digestive enzymes and microorganisms through the space between adjacent epithelial cells lining. However, Helicobacter pylori encoded virulence factors negatively regulate these tight junctions and contribute to dysfunction of gastric mucosa. Here, we have predicted the regulation of important tight junction proteins, such as Zonula occludens-1, Claud...

Loss of connexin expression/gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) has been correlated with decreased growth control and increased tumorigenesis. Studies utilizing Connexin32 (Cx32)-deficient knockout mice have demonstrated that loss of Cx32 increases susceptibility to chemically induced liver tumorigenesis. Here, in addition to dramatically increased liver tumorigenesis, we show that ...

Our laboratory has previously reported that transfection of a connexin26 (Cx26) gene, but not connexin40 nor connexin43 (Cx43), into HeLa cells expressing no detectable level of connexins suppressed the tumorigenic phenotype of the HeLa cells both in vitro and in vivo, although all of these connexins induced gap junctional intercellular communication in HeLa cells to a similar extent. The most ...

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disorders are an extremely heterogeneous group of diseases of the peripheral nervous system in humans, with a prevalence of around 1 in 2,500. To date, mutations in 30 genes have been reported in various CMT forms. In numerous CMT types, only the locus is known, but some CMT forms were shown not to be linked with any known locus. Genetic studies in CMT disorders cover ...

C-terminals can be distinguished at the ultrastructural level from other types of nerve endings on motoneurons by their prominent and regularly occurring postsynaptic specializations termed subsurface cisterns (SSC). We have previously shown (Yamamoto et al., 1991) that an antibody directed against a sequence within the gap junction protein connexin32 immunolabels these motoneuronal SSCs and ca...

Locus coeruleus neurons are strongly coupled during early postnatal development, and it has been proposed that these neurons are linked by extraordinarily abundant gap junctions consisting of connexin32 (Cx32) and connexin26 (Cx26), and that those same connexins abundantly link neurons to astrocytes. Based on the controversial nature of those claims, immunofluorescence imaging and freeze-fractu...

The inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) is a common effect of nongenotoxic carcinogens and might be a biomarker for these agents. To further test this relationship, we hypothesized that phenobarbital would inhibit mouse hepatocyte GJIC and this would correlate with strain-specific hepatocarcinogenicity. Phenobarbital is a strong nongenotoxic hepatocarcinogen in B6C3F...