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Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy is the damaging effect of diabetes on retinal blood vessels that can cause blindness when diagnosed late. Microaneurysms are early signs of the disease that their early diagnosis promotes timely treatment and prevents disease progression. Since this disease is asymptomatic and can only be detected by ophthalmologists, diabetic patients should be tested regular...
Reading is one of the core competencies of all educational systems, as reading growth increases other areas of literacy. Although the result of reading in reading comprehension is crystallized, the main prerequisite for reading comprehension is reading fluency. The purpose of this article is to study the definitions and related factors of reading fluency. Reading as cognitive activity Describin...
Unsuccessful cementing operation can jeopardize the whole well construction process, resulting in further costly and time consuming repair operations. The quality of cementing job is dependent on the cement composition and its properties. Design of cement composition is based on the available geological condition, materials and technical situation at well location. The cement properties like fl...
Nano technology makes the possibility to achieve specific properties for materials. In this process, by reducing the size of materials in the range of nano size, new noticeable behaviour for material can be observed. Such behaviour cannot be observed for larger particles from that material. Bentonite soils contain more than 76% montmorillonite and some other minerals. Pure montmorillonite with ...
Abstract. Musculoskeletal modeling is a technique for studying joint contact forces and moments during movement. Subject-specific models can achieve high accuracy in estimating forces. Construction of subject-specific models, on the other hand, remains costly time-consuming. The objective this study was to determine what changes could be made generic musculoskeletal improve estimation effect th...
Passing underground trains induce vibrations transmitted to the ground surface and the nearby structures. Ordinarily, these vibrations do not result in structural damage but can harm nonstructural elements and disturb the occupants. These effects are more pronounced when evaluating buildings like hospitals, laboratories, museums, etc., and their assessment is an important design need. To respon...
Objectives: Ceramics have advantages such as optimal esthetics and biocompatibility. However, in the oral environment, they are subjected to high levels of stress due to masticatory forces, saliva, thermal changes and alterations of pH, which increase their risk of fracture. Since replacement of these restorations is costly and time-consuming, composite resin is often used for intraoral repair ...
Ballast as a part of the railway system plays an important role in the operation of the railways and also has a great impact on repair and maintenance activities. Hence most of the repair and maintenance activities in traditional railway systems are due to the defections in the ballast layer and therefore most of the maintenance budget is spent on repairing these defects. These repair and maint...
In general, engineering designs need to optimize the factors affecting the under-study phenomenon; however, this is often a costly and time-consuming process. In this regard, new methods have been developed to optimize with fewer tests; thus, they can make the whole process more affordable. In this study, Taguchi and Taguchi-GRA methods were used to design the geometric parameters of the protec...
Making use of concrete materials in cut-off walls, because of their low permeability and standing high Hydraulic Gradient caused by underground drainage, has attracted great amount of attention. Using ordinary concrete with high elasticity modulus, compared to other materials may accompany with problems including brittleness of cutoffs due to dynamic stresses. To solve this problem, adding a ce...
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