Nowadays, HF contactless technologies following the ISO 14443 standard are extensively used worldwide. Critical applications like access control or payment require high security guaran‐ tees. However, contactless channels are less secure and offer more opportunities for any kind of intrusion than other ways of communication; e.g. eavesdropping and contactless card activation using false reader ...

Many secure systems, such as contactless credit cards and secure entrance systems, are built with contactless smartcard RFID technologies. In many cases these systems are claimed to be secure based on the assumption that readers and tags need to be in close proximity (about 5cm) in order to communicate. However, it is known that this proximity assumption is false: Relay attacks are a class of h...

The theft of personal information to fake the identity of a person is a common threat normally performed by individual criminals, terrorists, or crime rings to commit fraud or other felonies. Recently, the Spanish identity card, which provides enough information to hire on-line products such as mortgages or loans, was updated to incorporate a Near Field Communication (NFC) chip as electronic pa...

Calculations indicate that selectively heating the extracellular media induces membrane temperature gradients that combine with electric fields and a temperature-induced reduction in the electropermeabilization threshold to potentially facilitate exogenous molecular delivery. Experiments by a wide-field, pulsed femtosecond laser with peak power density far below typical single cell optical deli...

bargaining power is one of the important issues in oil trade negotiations. in this paper two effective factors in bargaining power i.e. patient time to deal and outside options of each player have been considered. the necessary relations for exchange of sources in negotiation have been derived.

8 Abstract Even though it might be beneficial to have 9 continuous baseline data upfront, today’s hospitalized 10 patients are put on a vital signs monitor not earlier than 11 they become bed-ridden. The aim of this study is to show 12 the feasibility of a broader monitoring concept, embracing 13 many more subjects, by monitoring contactless vital signs 14 with sensors embedded in non-ICU setti...

The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and performance tests of a contact-free fingerprint sensor, TrueFinger3D (TF3D). This contactless fingerprint sensor is designed to be perfectly interoperable with fingerprint image data captured with contact-based sensors or ink pads. This is achieved by acquiring a 3D dataset of the fingertip together with the image of the papillary lin...

This paper presents an analysis of a Curzon and Alhborn thermal engine model where both internal irreversibilities and non-instantaneous adiabatic branches are considered, operating with maximum ecological function and maximum power output regimes. Its thermodynamic properties are shown, and an analysis of its local dynamic stability is performed. The results derived are compared throughout the...

energy and mass transfer investigations in thermal processing of fruits serve as a breakthrough in the design and scale up of drying systems. diffusivity characteristics and specific energy consumption for drying of fig fruit in a laboratory scale microwave dryer were assessed. several intervals for microwave power intensity including 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 w g-1, and 6 levels of power on-off ...