BACKGROUND Despite the fact that otoscopy is a widely used and taught diagnostic tool during medical training, errors in diagnosis are common. Physical otoscopy simulators have high fidelity, but they can be expensive and only a limited number of students can use them at a given time. OBJECTIVES 1) To develop a purely web-based otoscopy simulator that can easily be distributed to students ove...

Context All assessments in medical education require evidence of validity to be interpreted meaningfully. In contemporary usage, all validity is construct validity, which requires multiple sources of evidence; construct validity is the whole of validity, but has multiple facets. Five sources – content, response process, internal structure, relationship to other variables and consequences – are ...

BACKGROUND Despite the widely known benefits of exercise and physical activity, adherence rates to these activities are poor. Understanding exercise facilitators, barriers, and preferences may provide an opportunity to personalize exercise prescription and improve adherence. The purpose of this study was to develop the Personalized Exercise Questionnaire (PEQ) to identify these facilitators, ba...

conclusions our study showed that the persian version of yiat is good and usable on iranian people. the reliability of the instrument was very good. moreover, the validity of the persian translated version of the scale was sufficient. in addition, the reliability and validity of the three extracted factors of yiat were evaluated and were acceptable. results the cronbach’s alpha was 0.917 (ci 95...

introduction: now a day, resulting from life style modification and alteration, fatigue, as a consequence, is not uncommon symptom. diverse tools are available to measure fatigue status. one of which is facit fatigue scale. the facit is one of the most widely used questionnaires for screening fatigue. the questionnaire has been translated and validated? into 45 different languages, but there is...

objectives : bayley scales of infant & toddler development is a well-known diagnostic developmental assessment tool for children aged 1–42 months. our aim was investigating validity & reliability of this scale in persian speaking children. materials & methods: the method was descriptive-analytic. translation- back translation and cultural adaptation was done. content & face validity of tranlate...

background to assess maternal confidence in her ability to cope with labor, a measure of childbirth self efficacy is necessary. objectives this paper aims to assess the cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the short form of childbirth self-efficacy inventory among iranian pregnant women. patients and methods in this descriptive-methodological study, we investigated 383 iranian pregna...