During continuous casting, especially of modern steel grades or at higher casting velocities, undesired oscillating disturbances may occur, which strongly impair the quality of the final product, or even lead to costly plant downtime. In this paper, both a novel model based explanation of these level oscillations in terms of unstable internal feedback and delay time, as well as a corresponding ...

The growing significance of the material magnesium is closely associated with the progressive development in the field of automotive lightweight construction. The announcement of the VW AG of constructing an one-litre-automobile can be deemed to be a proof of the actuality of research and development in the field of magnesium alloy processing. That automobile, whose frame structure is widely ma...

Surface quality of the steel slabs in a Continuous Casting (C.C.) process is mainly determined by the stability of the Mold Level Control (MLC). Excessive mold level fluctuations lead to an additional machine scarfing process which is applied to the slabs to avoid surface defects. A conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is not robust enough to deal with the disturbances...

Using a semi-discrete model that describes the heat transfer of a continuous casting process of steel, this paper is addressed to an optimal control problem of the continuous casting process in the secondary cooling zone with water spray control. The approach is based on the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation satisfied by the value function. It is shown that the value function is the viscosity so...

Lotus-type porous metals with aligned long cylindrical pores are fabricated by unidirectional solidification from the melt with a dissolved gas such as hydrogen, nitrogen, or oxygen. The gas atoms can be dissolved into the melt via a pressurized gas atmosphere or thermal decomposition of gaseous compounds. Three types of solidification techniques have been developed: mold casting, continuous zo...

The flow transport of a 420 ˆ 320 ˆ 90 mm beam blank continuous casting mold that used open-stream pouring combined with submerged refractory funnels was studied. By considering the dynamic similarity, geometric similarity, and air entrapment quantity similarity, a full-size water model was established. Meanwhile, the 3D mathematical models that included three phases were applied. Through the c...

Abstract: Further technology improvements to complex mature processes, such as the continuous casting of steel, require a combination of careful laboratory experiments, plant trials on the commercial process, and advanced computational models. As computer power increases, computational models are able to contribute more to the understanding, design, and control of these complex processes. Fluid...

Frequent delays will be experienced in the start-up of molten steel on converter equipment during steelmaking–continuous casting (SCC) production process due to untimely supply iron or scrap, which may cause conflicts between adjacent heat same casting. The machine is cut off, resulting failure static scheduling plan. SCC ladle re-scheduling based premise that path remains unchanged, operation ...

mold powders used in the continuous casting of steel contain the harmful caf2 as a main substance developing toxic gases such as sif4 and hf at elevated temperatures. in this study, three samples of i1, i2 and i3, which contained gypsum free portland cement clinker with different percentages of fe2o3 (5.68, 6.83, 8.02 ) and f- (2.09, 1.06, 0), were prepared and their main characteristics were c...

The puprose of this study was to evaluate retention force of conical double crowns in two material connections: gold casting alloy/gold casting alloy and gold casting alloy/gold electroforming alloy. 12 crown pairs of both material connections with the cone angles of 2°, 4° and 6° were made. Experiment of 10.000 in-and-out cycles was performed using a new device which allows the retentive force...