This study focused on reducing the drag force of a road vehicle using passive flow control. The aerodynamic performance model was improved by applying originally designed vortex generators. drawing data and generators were in Solid Works® program. measurements visualizations performed Fluent® program with Reynolds numbers range 2.8×105-6.6×105. Accordingly, CD value base decreased 6.22%, 4.59%,...

Linear defects are generic in continuous media. In quantum systems they appear as topological line defects which are associated with a circulating persistent current. In relativistic quantum vacuum they are known as cosmic strings, in superconductors as quantized flux lines, and in superfluids and low-density atomic Bose-Einstein condensates as quantized vortex lines. We discuss unconventional ...