oral contraceptive pills have several side effects especially on the gastrointestinal tract and liver. absorption of low dose (ld) pills by the vaginal route avoids the first pass of the steroids through these tracts and probably has fewer side effects. this study was a cohort study for evaluation of side effects and acceptability of ld pills administered by the vaginal route. in a clinical tri...

OBJECTIVE To examine sexual and contraceptive use patterns, including method choice, among unmarried youth in Spain. METHOD The analysis is based on the 1999 Youth Survey. The analytical sample comprised 696 never-married sexually experienced women aged 15-24 and 1070 men. Logistic regression was used to assess the influence of various socio-demographic factors on contraceptive use, and multi...

SINCE April 1966 we have offered an intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD) as an alternative method of contraception. This study is the result of our experience with the first 100 women who chose this method. We prefer the couple to choose their own contraceptive method after a full explanation of the various techniques. As far as the IUCD was concerned the women are told the pregnancy rate ...

Editorial Despite known benefits of modern contraception and family planning, especially in protecting the health of women and asserting their reproductive rights, more than 225 million women around the globe have an unmet need for wanting to avoid an unintended pregnancy [1]. Family planning could prevent up to 30 % of the more than 287,000 maternal deaths that take place globally every year [...

Norplant is a subdermal implant providing contraceptive protection over a five-year period. After worldwide trials, it has been available in the UK since September 1993. The author discusses the mode of action of this contraceptive method, its efficacy, advantages and disadvantages and describes the procedure for insertion of the implants.

Male involvement is crucial to female contraceptive use. This study examined how male knowledge and cultural perceptions of modern female contraceptives influence involvement in contraceptive use. A cross-sectional survey of 389 men from Ayete, Nigeria was used to regress a continuous male involvement score on demographic variables, knowledge of at least one method of modern female contraceptio...

ACCORDING to Peel and Potts (1969) "The woman who begins taking oral contra¬ ceptives has a greater likelihood of being alive one year later than has her sister who chooses to have a baby or to use some less effective method of contraception." This statement is fairly well known because many oral contraceptive salesmen have used it (and an accompanying table) as a sales aid. The implication is ...

objective: to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors affecting contraceptive use among tribal women of bangladesh with focusing on son preference over daughter. materials and methods: the study used data gathered through a cross sectional survey on four tribal communities resided in the rangamati hill district of the chittagong hill tracts, bangladesh. a multistage random sampli...

OBJECTIVES To identify and report cross-national patterns in contraceptive use among sexually active adolescents. DESIGN A cross-national cross-sectional survey. SETTING Data were collected in 2002 by self-report questionnaire from students in school classrooms. PARTICIPANTS A cluster sample of 33,943 students aged 15 years from 24 countries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES International standard...

OBJECTIVE To summarize evidence regarding current demand for on-demand oral contraception. STUDY DESIGN We used Medline and collegial contacts to find published and unpublished studies conducted or reported in the past 15 years with information assessing women's interest in using any oral drug preparation, including emergency contraceptive pills, in a coitus-dependent manner either repeatedly...