To the Editor—Recently, Kawada et al. [1] described systemic cytokine responses in infants and children with influenza-associated encephalopathy and febrile convulsions (FCs). The authors suggested that the pathogenesis of FCs is similar to that of encephalopathy and that the differentiation of encephalopathy and complex FCs may be difficult. The mechanism of FCs is a controversial topic, and t...

I should like to comment on Ngwane and Bower's paper.1 First of all, their statement that phenobarbitone takes 72 hours to achieve an adequate blood level is an often repeated inaccuracy. Phenobarbitone, like any other drug, will only achieve so-called therapeutic blood levels if an adequate dose is given. We have achieved this level within 90 minutes, orally and intramuscularly, after a dose o...

A 19-year-old girl with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) and hypertension underwent a diseased donor kidney transplantation. She developed two episodes of generalised tonic-clonic convulsions on the second postoperative day. Posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRES) was diagnosed based history imaging. PRES likely as it is associated factors which co-exist chronic disease. Perioperative MMF, ...