in this paper, we analyze the effect of lack of capital investment on energy projects using game theory in the guise of cooperative games. we focus on the energy projects in the provincial level as case study during 2010-2011. therefore, we design a theoretical model of the lack of capital investment as a factor influencing the implement of energy projects. in the experimental section, we deter...

this article aims to study an important principle in discourse analysis, which belongs to paul grice, the contemporary philosopher. he believes that in addition to giving and taking information during a conversation, people also show their cooperation with each other, and so he suggests the ‘cooperative principle’ which contains some principles of subtext. since the cooperative principle is wit...

The purpose of the article is to study foreign experience cooperative movement and, in particular, production cooperatives, effective examples which are proposed be used Ukraine. revealed special characteristics activities cooperatives European countries and Asia America. Arguments favor stimulating development economic crisis, as inherent balance interests owners producers allows achieve their...

the purpose of the present research was to study the effect of cooperative methodology on the social skill development of the primary students. the methodology was quasi-experimental, with pre-test, post-test, and control group. the population of the research was all 486 ‘laleh’ primary school male students in the year of 2009-2010, among whom, 61 four-grade participants were finally chosen. th...

With the emerge of cooperative applications it turned out that traditional transaction concepts are not suitable for these scenarios. Isolation of transactions, as guaranteed by the ACID transaction properties, contradicts the need of cooperation between users. In this paper, we propose a cooperative activity model that provides transactional properties suitable for cooperative scenarios. Our m...

Within the field of computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) concepts of mutual awareness of groupware users are of increasing importance (McDaniel/ Brinck 1997). Awareness functionality supports the coordination of joint activities. The execution of cooperative work depends crucially on knowledge of the joint context of work. Common concepts of awareness often refer to the manner in which pe...

It is desirable to be able to interchange design information between CASE tools. Such interchange facilitates cooperative development, helps in avoiding legacy problems when adopting new tools, and permits the use of different tools for different life-cycle activities. Exchanging model transformation information is particularly demanding in the context of cooperative maintenance of evolving sys...

Learning theory predicts, and studies have demonstrated that immediate and frequent feedback, cooperative learning, and reduced evaluation apprehension can improve learning. Electronic meeting systems ogler new support for these concepts, and may lead to an improved learning environment. This paper discusses how EMS technology can make a d@erence in the classroom. It provides a detailed descrip...

This paper describes a number of approaches to the development of more intelligent and more adaptable software. The paper introduces the notion of reeection and surveys two major styles: task and programming reeection. The paper then introduces a new form, viz operational reeection, based on the integration of these styles. This form of reeection is applied to cooperative environments and enabl...