Abbreviations: aCSC, Atavistic Cancer Stem Cell; aCLS, Atavistic Cyst Like Structure; siCLS, Stress Induced aCLS; caSPCL, Carcinogenic Stem/Progenitor Cell Lineage; MGs, Multicelullar Genes; UGs, Unicellular Genes; DSBs, DNA Double Strand Breacks; DDR, DNA Damage Response Mechanism; nPGCC, Native Polyploidy Giant Cancer Cell; siPGCC, Stress Induced PGCC; gPGCC, Genotoxic Induced PGCC; ATD cyst,...

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect two antiglaucoma procedures, namely trabeculectomy and Ex-PRESS mini-shunt insertion on biomechanical properties cornea. This a prospective study. Thirty patients (30 eyes) were included in Nineteen eyes had an shunt inserted (Group 1) 11 2). examination time points for both groups one three weeks preoperatively at month 1, 6, 12 postoperativel...

IMPORTANCE Corneal anesthesia is recalcitrant to conventional treatment and can lead to permanent visual loss. OBJECTIVE To assess the outcomes of a novel sensory reconstructive technique for the treatment of corneal anesthesia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective study evaluating a new technique was conducted at a tertiary referral center. Four eyes in 3 patients with cornea...

Diabetic keratopathy is an ocular complication that occurs with diabetes. In the present study, the effect of diabetic keratopathy on corneal optical density, central corneal thickness, and corneal endothelial cell count was investigated. One hundred and eighty diabetic patients (360 eyes) were enrolled in the study during the period from March, 2012 to March, 2013. The patients were divided in...

Introduction A ganglion cyst can induce symptoms around the knee and should be considered as an intra-articular mass in differential diagnosis. Case Presentation A 22-year-old female presented with a persistent medial knee joint pain in her left knee for 2 years. There was soft tissue swelling on the anteromedial aspect of the infrapatellar region on her left knee. Lachman and McMurray tests ...

Median raphe cyst is a rare lesion located on the median raphe. The cyst wall is lined by cuboidal to columnar cells, transitional (urothelial) cells, stratified squamous cells or a mixture of these. The normal urethral mucosa and the median raphe cyst usually lack melanocytes and/or melanin pigment. However, albeit extremely rare, the presence of melanin pigment and/or melanocytes in median ra...

Introduction: Dentigerous cyst is an asymptomatic, slow growing swelling commonly associated with the impacted third molars and is a true developmental pathology. The distinction between dentigerous cyst and a hyperplastic follicle is unclear on the routine radiographs and poses a diagnostic enigma. Case report: This report describes a case of an incidentally discovered dentigerous cyst associa...

Objective: To compare the corneal stromal demarcation line depth after Epithelium-On and Epithelium-Off crosslinking in patients with keratoconus using anterior segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT).
 Study design: Quasi-experimental study.
 Place Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi Pakistan from Jun 2018 to 2019.
 Methodology: This study i...