The abundances of some of the most common elements in the Sun has been called into question by recent analysis based on new non-LTE hydrodynamic models. The new abundances of C, N, O, Ne etc. are 30-40% lower than the ’standard’ solar abundances, which were heretofore well established and supported by precise helioseismological observations. A number of recent studies have addressed the issue f...

Adult male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), as closed-ended learners, normally crystallize their songs at 90 days of age, and the song remains fixed throughout life (Price, 1979). We show that injuring the tracheosyringeal nerve(s) (each of which innervates the ipsilateral half of the syrinx, the avian vocal organ) results in a short-term deficit in the syllables forming adult male song; th...

BACKGROUND Corneal biometric parameters can possibly be influenced by high myopia (HM). The influence of HM on corneal thickness (CT), epithelial thickness (ET) has not yet been clearly established. The aim of this study is to observe ET, CT and axial length (AL) differences between in normal and subjects with HMs and to investigate factors influencing the corneal biometric parameters and AL, s...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Trachoma is a sight-threatening process triggered by the infection of the conjunctiva with Chlamydiae. Blindness associated with trachoma was reported in Sahelian areas of Cameroon. However, data on the prevalence of this neglected infection in the Far North Region are not available. The aim of this study was a) to assess clinical trachoma and b) to detect Chlamydia in the c...

PURPOSE A large Turkish family with 52 members, 26 of whom had Groenouw type 1 corneal granular dystrophy was evaluated by genetic linkage studies and mutation analyses. Phenotype- genotype correlations were also assessed. METHODS DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 22 family members was used in establishing linkage to chromosome 5q31. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis was...

PURPOSE Adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis is a major cause of ocular morbidity and may lead to visual loss. Adenovirus types 8, 19, and 37 may cause epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. The main objective of this study was to determine the types of adenoviruses causing keratoconjunctivitis in Saudi Arabia. METHODS We conducted a non-interventional observational clinical study. Seventy three eyes from...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe a family with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) in which the disease was unveiled after the ophthalmologic evaluation. METHODS Family and personal histories from each of the patients were recorded. Each underwent a full ophthalmological examination along with the physical examination. The mutational analysis of the NLRP3 gene was per...

An 11-year-old Brown Swiss cow was referred to the Farm Animal Department of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Zurich, Switzerland, because of lateral recumbency due to puerperal hemolytic anemia. The animal had developed enophthalmos due to dehydration at the time of presentation. Two days after hospitalization, the cow showed blepharospasm and epiphora of the right eye. Ophthalmic examinati...

Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD) is the most common corneal dystrophy seen in clinical practice. Its appearance varies, which leads to frequent misdiagnosis, but presentation most often includes dot-like epithelial opacities, whorl-like fingerprint lines and circumscribed gray map-like patterns. It is for this reason that EBMD is also referred to as a map-dot-fingerprint dystrophy....