Background & Aims of the Study: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are part of the main occupational diseases in the workplace. Occupations such as hairdressers are exposed to multiple risk factors of these problems. The study was conducted to assess MSDs and posture analysis among female hairdressers in Tehran, 2015. Materials and Methods: I...

Background The success of TLSOs in reducing the risk of curve progression varies widely across published reports. This variation has been linked to patient risk factors such as initial Cobb angle and maturity, and time in brace. Percentage correction has also been associated with outcomes. [1-3] However, no reports have examined characteristics of individual braces, and how these characteristic...

An in vivo dosimetry system that uses p-type semiconductor diodes with buildup caps was characterized for clinical use on accelerators ranging in energy from 4 to 18 MV. The dose per pulse dependence was investigated. This was done by altering the source-surface distance, field size, and wedge for photons. The off-axis correction and effect of changing repetition rate were also investigated. A ...

We describe a hybrid measured/calculated method for attenuation correction in positron emission tomography (PET). This unified reconstruction/segmentation method is based on a penalized weighted least-squares (PWLS) objective function that is minimized using iterative coordinate-descent (ICD). Two penalty functions are compared; one for a discrete object parameterization, the other for a contin...

Author Information Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A. During the 20th century, limb-deformity correction was performed using the “eyeball” technique. Such “ballpark” estimates are no longer acceptable in the 21st century. Limb deformities can be classified according to cause (congenital, developmental, posttraumatic), location (bone or joint contracture, extra-or intraarticular), geometry (angulation,...

Dual-energy (DE) X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been proposed as an useful tool in various applications. One promising application is DECT with low radiation doses used for attenuation correction in positron emission tomography (PET). In low-dose DECT, conventional methods for sinogram decomposition have been based on logarithmic transformations and ignored noise properties, leading to very...

The dose measurements of the small field sizes, such as conical collimators used in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), are a significant challenge due to many factors including source occlusion, detector size limitation, and lack of lateral electronic equilibrium. One useful tool in dealing with the small field effect is Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. In this study, we report a comparison of Monte ...

A dosimetry system based on Al2O3:C radioluminescence (RL), and RADPOS, a novel 4D dosimetry system using microMOSFETs, were used to measure total scatter factors, (S(c,p))(f(clin))(det), for the CyberKnife robotic radiosugery system. New Monte Carlo calculated correction factors are presented and applied for the RL detector response for the 5, 7.5 and 10 mm collimators in order to correct for ...

Dosimeters often consist of several components whose mass densities differ substantially from water. These components cause small-field correction factors to vary significantly as lateral electronic equilibrium breaks down. Even amongst instruments designed for small-field dosimetry, inter-detector variation in the correction factors associated with very small (∼0.5 cm) fields can amount to ten...

E-PERM(R) radon monitors are based on the principle of electret ion chambers and these are usually calibrated in a standard radon chamber located at sea level. Corrections are needed if these are used in elevations other than sea level. These were experimentally determined for three models of commercially available electret ion chambers (E-PERMS(R)) as functions of elevation above sea level. . ...