PURPOSES The purposes of this study are to explore the effect of astigmatism and high-order aberrations of progressive-power lenses (PPLs) on visual acuity (VA) and to find a good optical metric for evaluating visual performance of PPLs. METHODS A Hartmann-Shack (HS) wavefront sensor was used to measure PPLs and human eyes either independently or in combination. An additional channel permits ...

This paper inTroduces a framework inTegraTing available elemenTs of a safeTy conscious design process in one concise, pracTice-orienTed algoriThm. implemenTaTion of The proposed framework should enhance The consisTency and depTh of safeTy consideraTions in TransporTaTion corridor planning and design projecTs. inTroducTion It is relatively common for safety issues to remain undetected at the tra...

Species colonization in a new habitat patch is an efficiency indicator of biodiversity conservation. Colonization is a two-step process of dispersal and establishment, characterized by the compatibility of plant traits with landscape structure and habitat conditions. Therefore, ecological trait profiling of specialist species is initially required to estimate the relative importance of coloniza...

OBJECTIVE To investigate which hard and soft tissue factors relate with the amount of buccal corridor area (BCA) during posed smiling. MATERIALS AND METHODS The samples consisted of 92 adult patients (19 men and 73 women; 56 four first bicuspids extraction and 36 nonextraction treatment cases; mean age = 23.5 years), who were treated only with a fixed appliance and finished with Angle Class I...

STUDY DESIGN A morphometric analysis, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the lumbar spine. OBJECTIVE To identify the anatomic position of the ventral root and the retroperitoneal vessels in relation to the vertebral body in normally aligned and deformed spines. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The lateral approach to the lumbar spine is a relatively new method for performing interb...

trinidad is a small island developing state caught between the need to engage rapid development while respecting and preserving the environment. this study assessed citizens' education needs related to the environmental laws of trinidad and tobago. it focused on a densely populated, at- risk area of the country referred to as the east-west (e-w) corridor. two hundred (200) persons living along ...

The purpose of this study is to propose effective scenarios for green areas in apartment complexes that can improve the connection between spaces considering wind flow, thermal comfort, and mitigation urban heat island effect. site was an complex Godeok-dong, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Korea. selection based on comparing temperatures discomfort index data collected from June August 2020. Initially, en...

By 4000 BP, trans-Eurasian agricultural exchanges increased across the Hexi Corridor. However, nature and timing of many early prehistoric remain unclear. We present systematically collected archaeobotanical data from ancient Haizang site (3899–3601 cal a BP) within Adding to previous studies Corridor, we find that production transformed purely millet-based agriculture during Machang Period (43...