Americans spent $11 billion on cosmetic surgery procedures in 2007. Almost $3 billion were spent on minimally invasive procedures, of which injectable facial fillers and botulinum toxin type A (Botox) were the most popular. Injectables have fueled the fires of the popularity of cosmetic facial surgery. They have provided more options to patients and surgeons and provided quick, affordable, pred...

context despite advancements in the science of surgery, minimizing bleeding from parenchymal tissue of the liver continues to be one of the challenges surgeons are facing to protect patients’ lives. however, the number of surgeries needing incisions in the liver tissue, e.g. metastatectomy, is constantly increasing. conclusions the excessive blood loss and the long time needed to control the bl...

facial reconstruction is one of the most challenging problems faced by a reconstructive surgeon. we present a case of complex facial reconstruction with a composite trauma to the nose resulting in near total loss of skin and lining along with complete loss of left eyebrow with exposed frontal bone and partial loss of the left eyelid. we combined a temporoparietal fascial flap for reconstruction...

Implant-based procedures are the most commonly performed method for postmastectomy breast reconstruction. While donor-site morbidity is low, these procedures are associated with a higher risk of reconstructive loss. Many of these are related to infection of the implant, which can lead to prolonged antibiotic treatment, undesired additional surgical procedures, and unsatisfactory results. This r...

The development of the flap transfer technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery has evolved to the stage where free transplantation of a full-thickness skin flap, by means of microvascular anastomosis, has become posssible. For the first time in South Africa, a case is documented where such a free graft was used successfully to reconstruct a severe burn contracture of the neck. Experience ...

Objective Loss of all or part the ear is one significant defects in head and neck area (regardless cause) that can result from trauma, cancer, congenital diseases, surgery to remove benign tumors. These be reconstructed with help surgical procedures cosmetic prostheses. However, due complex structure ear, reconstructive most challenging surgeries for plastic surgeons. Choosing between methods p...

Biosurgical preparations designed to promote surgical hemostasis and tissue adhesion are being increasingly employed across all surgical disciplines. Fibrin sealant is the most widely studied and utilized biosurgical adjunct in urology. Complex reconstructive, oncologic, and laparoscopic genitourinary procedures are those most appropriate for sealant use. This article details the diverse urolog...

Introduction: Breast augmentation remains one of the most commonly performed cosmetic procedures. It is a surgery breast in order to increase its size by placing implants under tissue or chest muscles. Silicon implant used for both and reconstructive reasons. The purpose this study was evaluate outcomes primary with silicon implant. Methods: A retrospective patients who underwent based through ...