Network utility maximization is a well-accepted theoretical framework that describes how congestion controls cooperate to achieve an ideal sending rate allocation, for given functions of senders and constraints the network. These network are expressed as “cost” in framework. In practice, most control mechanisms obtain feedback different from framework's “cost.” This article focuses on explicit ...

MOTIVATION Pooling DNA is a cost-effective alternative to individual genotyping method. It is often used for initial screening in genome-wide association analysis. In some studies, large pools with sizes up to several hundreds were applied in order to significantly reduce genotyping cost. However, method for estimating haplotype frequencies from large DNA pools has not been available due to com...