Studies on the relationship between body posture and craniofacial parameters often focus on the cervical spine. Thus, less attention has been paid to the morphology of the vertebra C2 that serves as both a structural and functional link between the craniofacial area and the other part of the spine. The objective of this study was to assess the relation of craniofacial features to certain morpho...

OBJECTIVE To compare craniofacial differences between twins discordant for surgically repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP) during the developmental ages and to test the effect of zygosity on the shape and size of the craniofacial skeleton of the same twins by means of thin plate spline (TPS) analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lateral and posteroanterior (PA) cephalometric films from 19...

The proper function of the craniofacial skeleton requires the proper shaping of many individual skeletal elements. Neural crest cells generate much of the craniofacial skeleton and morphogenesis of skeletal elements occurs in transient, reiterated structures termed pharyngeal arches. The shape of individual elements depends upon intrinsic patterning within the neural crest as well as extrinsic ...

Defects in craniofacial tissues, resulting from trauma, congenital abnormalities, oncologic resection or progressive deforming diseases, may result in aesthetic deformity, pain and reduced function. Restoring the structure, function and aesthetics of craniofacial tissues represents a substantial clinical problem in need of new solutions. More biologically-interactive biomaterials could potentia...

We recently found craniofacial pain to be the sole symptom of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in 4% of patients. We hypothesized that this scenario is also true for symptoms of prodromal (pre-infarction) angina. We studied 326 consecutive patients who experienced myocardial ischemia. Intra-individual variability analyses with respect to ECG findings and pain characteristics were performed ...

Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC) type 4 is a rare, phenotypically diverse, autosomal dominant, multiple congenital anomaly disorder, that characterized by distinctive set of dysmorphic craniofacial features, heart disease, and cutaneous abnormalities.

OBJECTIVES To analyze variants of the craniofacial phenotypes in children with velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS) and children with cleft palates with a new protocol of landmarks using a three-dimensional computed tomography (CT)-reconstructed model in a cross-sectional group experimental design. MATERIALS AND METHODS We present a retrospectively reviewed case series of 21 patients with VCFS, v...

Craniofacial reconstruction is to estimate an individual's face model from its skull. It has a widespread application in forensic medicine, archeology, medical cosmetic surgery, and so forth. However, little attention is paid to the evaluation of craniofacial reconstruction. This paper proposes an objective method to evaluate globally and locally the reconstructed craniofacial faces based on th...

Polycystin 2 (Pkd2), which belongs to the transient receptor potential family, plays a critical role in development. Pkd2 is mainly localized in the primary cilia, which also function as mechanoreceptors in many cells that influence multiple biological processes including Ca(2+) influx, chemical activity and signalling pathways. Mutations in many cilia proteins result in craniofacial abnormalit...

Numerous studies have detected significant contributions of genes to variation in development, size, and shape of craniofacial traits in a number of vertebrate taxa. This study examines 43 quantitative traits derived from lateral cephalographs of 830 baboons (Papio hamadryas) from the pedigreed population housed at the Southwest National Primate Research Center. Quantitative genetic analyses we...