The rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) of South Asia with help Green Revolution early 1970’s greatly contributed to India's food self-sufficiency and livelihood millions peoplethus, became country's primary source food-grain production. However, deterioration soil health quality, ground water depletion, stress, labour shortage, introduction new weeds pests parti...

introduction intercropping is an old and widespread practice used in low input cropping systems in many areas of the world. in fact, intercropping is claimed to be one of the most significant cropping techniques in sustainable agriculture, and many researches and reviews attribute its utilization to the number of environmental benefits from promoting land biodiversity to diversifying agricultur...

Abstract Climate change poses a fundamental threat to agriculture within the Nile basin due magnitude of projected impacts and low adaptive capacity. So far, climate on for have mostly been assessed single-cropping systems, which may bias results considering that is dominated by different cropping with about one-third crop area under double cropping. In this study, we simulate single- double-cr...