Stroke aetiology may be classified according to the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria.2 As per TOAST classification cryptogenic stroke is defined as stroke not attributable to definite cardioembolic source, large artery atherosclerosis or small artery disease. Cryptogenic stroke includes patients with less wellestablished potential causes of cardiac embolism, such as...

Stroke of undetermined aetiology or 'cryptogenic' stroke accounts for 30-40% of ischaemic strokes despite extensive diagnostic evaluation. The role and yield of cardiac imaging is controversial. Cardiac MRI (CMR) has been used for cardiac disorders, but its use in cryptogenic stroke is not well established. We reviewed the literature (randomised trials, exploratory comparative studies and case ...

Background and Aim: Atrial septal defects are the second-most common cardiac congenital abnormality. When undiagnosed during childhood, these present in adulthood with symptoms of right heart failure, long-standing failure causes cirrhosis. Case Report: A 50-year-old man presented black, tarry liquid stools 3-4 times daily for 2 days. No history NSAIDs, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, jaun...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the term used to describe the alcohol-like liver injury that occurs in the absence of alcohol abuse (alcohol consumption of over 20 g/day excludes the condition). It includes a range of histological abnormalities including simple steatosis or fatty liver, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and NAFLD induced cirrhosis. Its increasing prevalence in w...

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in the united states and other industrialized countries, and the reported prevalence in the developing countries is also rather high. this disease is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality and damage to the other organs. the cardiovascular system is, perhaps, the most vulnerable organ to nafl...

Authors describe the case of a 60-year-old diabetic man who presented with jaundice, ascites and significant weight loss over a period of 2 months. Physical examination revealed firm hepatomegaly with ascites. On evaluation, nephropathy, axonal neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome and decompensated cryptogenic liver disease with portal hypertension were found fitting with the diagnosis of diabeti...

OBJECTIVE This study included 100 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis who presented at Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine Gastroenterology clinic and polyclinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS The etiology of liver cirrhosis and the incidence of its complications have been investigated. RESULTS The etiological classification of liver cirrhosis in our patients was as follows: 47 hepatitis B v...

W ithin the so-called ‘‘globesity’’ epidemic, the International Obesity Task Force estimated that there at least 155 million persons are overweight/obese, including 30 to 45 million obese children worldwide. In parallel with epidemic obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has also been increasingly recognized worldwide in the last decade. At present, NAFLD is identified as an importa...

BACKGROUND Turner syndrome is the most common genetic disorder in females. In most subjects, with a normal physical appearance at birth, the diagnosis is suspected long after birth because of short stature, delayed puberty, primary or secondary amenorrhea or infertility. Abnormalities of liver function tests are reported in literature, with a prevalence ranging from 20% to 80%. In most subjects...

Vaccination against hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been recommended in patients with chronic liver disease to prevent any decompensation due to superinfection. This may not hold good in high endemic areas for hepatitis A like India. The aim of this study was to find out the seroprevalence of anti-HAV antibodies in patients with chronic liver disease and to justify the need for vaccination against ...