It is shown using the mean field theory of Miklavic Marcelja that it should be possible for osmotic pressure due to the counterions associated with the two polyelectrolyte polymer brush coated surfaces (in the absence of excess salt) to support a reasonable load (i.e., about 105Pa)with the brushes held sufficiently far apart to prevent entanglement of polymers belonging to the two brushes, thus...

Title of Document: RELIABILITY EVALUATION OF LIQUID AND POLYMER ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS 45BAnshul Shrivastava, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), 2014 Directed By: Professor Michael Pecht, Department of Mechanical Engineering Liquid aluminum electrolytic capacitors are known for their reliability problems. They are considered as the weakest link in the power electronics system. The liquid e...

The electrolyte is an indispensable component in all electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices with batteries being a prime example. While most research efforts have been pursued on the materials side, the progress for the electrolyte is slow due to the decomposition of salts and solvents at low potentials, not to mention their complicated interactions with the electrode materials. ...

BACKGROUND Heparin binds positively charged electrolytes. In blood gas syringes, electrolyte-balanced heparin is used to prevent a negative bias in electrolyte concentrations. The potential pre-analytical errors introduced by blood gas syringes are largely unknown. Here, we evaluate electrolyte concentrations in non-anticoagulated blood compared with concentrations measured in electrolyte-balan...

We sought to investigate whether carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage ingestion reduced heart rate (HR) in twenty-three healthy young adults while climbing Mount Fuji at a given exercise intensity. Twenty-three healthy adults were randomly divided into two groups: the tap water (11 males [M] and 1 female [F]) and the carbohydrate-electrolyte group (10 M and 1 F). HR and activity energy expenditure...

Electrostatic stabilization is reduced in its efficiency in an electrolyte-containing environment. The effect of electrolyte concentration is mostly described as negative factor for dispersion stabilization. Usually, zeta potential and physical stability decrease at increasing electrolyte concentration. The purpose of the present study was to measure the surface properties of nanotubes in aqueo...

The purpose of this study was determine effects of ingestion carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage drink to improve exercise performance in the heat. Ten male subjects (age 1830 years) were subjected to cycle ergometer at 63.5 ± 3.3% of maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) with a pedal speed of 60 rpm until they became fatigued. They were given a drink of carbohydrate-electrolyte at a concentration of 6...

A study was carried out to assess the use of electrolyte leakage measurement to evaluate radiation sensitivity of 13 freshcut vegetables, and correlated radiation sensitivity with endogenous antioxidant capacity. Fresh-cut vegetables were gamma irradiated at doses up to 3 kGy at 0.5 kGy intervals. Electrolyte leakage of the samples was measured following irradiation. Electrolyte leakage increas...

Dye-sensitized solar cells based on nanocrystalline TiO(2) have been fabricated with an amphiphilic ruthenium sensitizer NaRu(4-carboxylic acid-4'-carboxylate)(4,4'-dinonyl-2,2'-bipyridine)(NCS)2, coded as Z-907Na, and a series of non-volatile 3-methoxyproprionitrile (MPN)-based electrolytes with different concentration of 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (PMII). The short-circuit photocurre...

酸 ま た は アル カリ が最 初 に 分 布 す るの は 細 胞 外 液 で あ り,こ の緩 衝 能 は 大 き く,350mEqの 酸 を加 え て もpHは7.40か ら7.00に 変 化 す る に留 ま る.次 い で肺がPco2を 変化 させてpHの 変動を最小限に抑 え,第3に 細胞内の緩衝作用が働 く.細 胞内の緩 衝は負荷条件によつて異なるが,そ の緩衝能は一 般に細胞外液よりも大きい 腎の排泄作用は始動 が遅 く,酸 排泄は24時間後から,ア ルカリ排泄は 6~8時 間後から開始される.負 荷された酸やア ルカリの体外排泄には時間がかかるが,こ の間は 体内の緩衝作用が働 くから,血液pHは 殆 ど変化 し ない。 3.肺 と腎の緩衝作用 Pco2は 換気によつて調節され,換 気は呼吸中枢 によつて調節 されている.Pco2お よびpHの 変化 は,大 動脈...