this paper proposes a hybrid method to find cumulative distribution function (cdf) of completion time of gert-type networks (gtn) which have no loop and have only exclusive-or nodes. proposed method is cre-ated by combining an analytical transformation with gaussian quadrature formula. also the combined crude monte carlo simulation and combined conditional monte carlo simulation are developed a...

We present a scenario for the formation of disks which explains not only the properties of normal galaxies, but the properties of the population of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBs) as well. We use a gravitationally self-consistent model for disk collapse to calculate the observable properties of disk galaxies as a function of mass and angular momentum of the initial protogalaxy. The model...

In this research, we propose to use the discrete cosine transform to approximate the cumulative distributions of data cube cells’ values. The cosine transform is known to have a good energy compaction property and thus can approximate data distribution functions easily with small number of coefficients. The derived estimator is accurate and easy to update. We perform experiments to compare its ...

In weak-light environments, images suffer from low contrast and the loss of details. Traditional image enhancement models are usually failure to avoid issue overenhancement. this paper, a simple novel correction method is proposed based on an adaptive local gamma transformation color compensation, which inspired by illumination reflection model. Our converts source into YUV space, <math xmlns="...

The emphasis in this article is on the study of nonstationary two-dimensional (2-D) random fields with wide-sense stationary increments, wide-sense stationary jumps, and 2-D fractional Brownian motion (fBm) fields. The effort made in this work is to develop a realizable method of stationarization provided for nonstationary 2-D random fields. We also present the correlation functions of the disc...

Let $T$ be a bounded linear operator on a Hilbert space $mathscr{H}$. We say that $T$ has the hyponormal property if there exists a function $f$, continuous on an appropriate set so that $f(|T|)geq f(|T^ast|)$. We investigate the properties of such operators considering certain classes of functions on which our definition is constructed. For such a function $f$ we introduce the $f$-Aluthge tran...

Combining discrete wavelet transform, human visual system, chaotic map and odd-even quantization, a novel watermarking scheme for 2D images is proposed in this paper. Encrypted watermarking and identity information are imperceptibly embedded in 2D images according to this scheme. For improving the accuracy of just noticeable distortion and enhance robustness of algorithm, the model adaptively a...