CXC chemokines display pleiotropic effects in immunity, regulating angiogenesis, and mediating organ-specific metastases of cancer. In the context of angiogenesis, CXC chemokines are a unique family of cytokines, known for their ability to behave in a disparate manner in the regulation of angiogenesis. Members that contain the 'ELR' motif are potent promoters of angiogenesis, and mediate their ...

The regulation of early B cell development and the interaction of hematopoietic precursors with stromal cells in the bone marrow (BM) are controlled by various secreted signaling molecules. Several recent studies showed Wnt signaling involved in B-lymphogenesis through stromal cells. However, the molecules modulated by Wnt signaling in stromal cells regulating B-lymphogenesis have not been iden...

I-TAC, IP10, and Mig are interferon-gamma inducible CXC chemokines that share the same G-protein-coupled receptor CXCR3, which is preferentially expressed on Th1 lymphocytes. We have explored the structure-function relationship of the CXCR3 ligands, in particular of I-TAC, which has highest affinity for CXCR3 and is the most potent agonist. A potent antagonist for CXCR3 was obtained by NH(2)-te...

Endotoxin tolerance has the potential to limit phagocyte responses to Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, but the role of tolerance in regulating neutrophil responses is unknown. We investigated neutrophil responses to prolonged lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure and observed induction of tolerance in intracellular signaling pathways and respiratory burst. These effects were not prevented by gran...

Marco Baggiolin i. M.D.; Bernhard Moser, and Ian Clark-Lewis I nterleukin-8 (IL-8) is the best known represemitative of’ a new class of chemsiotactic cytokines, miow called chemokines, which activate leukocytes, amid are widely studied because of their role as novel mediators of inflamnmation.’2 Two subfamiiies of chemokines are distinguished according to the arraisgemnent of the first two of f...

Although platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is the plasma fraction that contains higher levels of platelet-sequestered proteins such as growth factors and chemokines, it is also abundant in bioactive lipids whose role in wound healing has not been well characterized. This study provides a preliminary evaluation for the effect of the lipid component of PRP on selected genes related to wound healing. Spr...

Acute allograft rejection is a major complication postlung transplantation and is the main risk factor for the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Acute rejection is characterized by intragraft infiltration of activated mononuclear cells. The ELR-negative CXC chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11) are potent chemoattractants for mononuclear cells and act through their shared recept...

Chemokines, binding their various G protein-coupled receptors, lead the way for leukocytes in health and inflammation. Yet chemokine receptor expression is not limited to leukocytes. Accordingly, chemokines are remarkably pleiotropic molecules involved in a range of physiological as well as pathological processes. For example, the CXCR3 chemokine receptor is expressed on activated T lymphocytes...

Chemokines recruit and activate leukocytes, assisting granuloma formation. Herein, we evaluated plasma chemokines in patients with active tuberculosis (ATB) and after completing treatment (TTB) and compared them to BCG-vaccinated healthy controls (HC). Levels of chemokines were measured by cytometric bead array. Levels of CXCL8, CXCL9 and CXCL10 were higher in ATB patients compared to HC, but t...