Epinephrine or carbachol, alone or together with parathyroid hormone (PTH) or calcitonin, was added into the incubation of young rat tibia and cyclic AMP as well as cyclic GMP in the tissue was determined. Epinephrine induced a dose related and rapid increase of cyclic AMP probably through mechanism different from that of PTH or calcitonin. The effect of these hormones to increase cyclic AMP wa...

During long-term incubation of human peripheral blood lym phocytes with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), adenosine cyclic 3': 5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) phosphodiesterase increases about 5-fold and guanosine cyclic 3':S'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) phosphodiesterase increases about i 0-fold in specific activity. Under similar conditions, there is little change in either basal or fluoride-stimulated ...

in this article, theoretical studies on the selective complexation of the halide ions (f¯, cl¯ and br¯) and ion pairs (na+f¯, na+cl¯ and na+br¯) with the cyclic nano-hexapeptide (cp) composed of l-proline have been performed in the gas phase. in order to calculate the dispersion interaction energies of the cp and ions, dft-d3 calculations at the m05-2x-d3/6-31g(d) level was employed. based on t...

background: routinely collected data from tuberculosis surveillance system can be used to investigate and monitor the irregularities and abrupt changes of the disease incidence. we aimed at using a hidden markov model in order to detect the abnormal states of pulmonary tuberculosis in iran. methods: data for this study were the weekly number of newly diagnosed cases with sputum smear-positive p...

introduction: this study investigated the fatigue and fracture modes of race and protaper rotary instruments. materials & methods: fatigue resistance was evaluated by rotating the files 30 ° or 60 ° and with 2 or 5mm radius of curvature. race taper 06 size 25 and protaper f1 files (n=40) were used. the number of rotations to failure was analyzed by two-way anova and independent sample     t-tes...

a new cyclic diarylheptanoid namely alnuheptanoid b (3), along with four known cyclic diarylheptanoids: myricanone (1), (+)-s-myricanol (2), myricanone 5-o--d-glucopyranoside (4), and (+)-s-myricanol 5-o--d-glucopyranoside (5) were isolated from the etoac fraction of alnus japonica steud (family: betulaceae) stem bark. their structures were established by different spectroscopic analyses, as ...

experimental tests were performed to study the seismic behavior and performance ofmodified steel chevron braced frame systems, which incorporate a vertical slotted connection(vsc) detail between the top of the braces and the floor beam above. the vsc detail isintended to prevent vertical load transfer to the beam and limit brace forces to thecompressive resistance of the members. full-scale qua...

In the realm of multi-axial ratcheting, a step by step mathematical approach is developed for the parameter determination of decomposed kinematic hardening rules. For this purpose, key characteristics are mathematically derived for these hardening rules under multi-axial loading. These characteristics are then utilized to develop expressions which relate the loading history to the accumulated p...

Increases in cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate content accompany relaxation of isolated strips of opossum and canine lower oesophageal sphincter muscle. The aim of this investigation was to characterise these responses in isolated muscle from the human lower oesophageal sphincter. Electrical stimulation of enteric neurons produced a frequency dependent relaxation...

Changes in levels of the newly discovered cytidine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic CMP) phosphodiesterase in some representative tissues (cerebral cortex, kidney, intestine, liver, heart, and lung) of guinea pigs from various developmental stages (fetus, neonate, pup, and adult) were studied and compared with those of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP phosphodiesterases in the same tissues. It was o...