There are many reports of glycogen accumulation in various species of bacteria (58). However, the enzymatic synthesis of glycogen in bacteria has received little attention. Madsen has reported the presence of a UDP-glucose:glycogen transferase in Agrobacterium tumefaciens (A6) (9). Recently the occurrence of an ADP-glucose : glycogen transglucosylase in cell-free extracts of Arthrobacter was re...

Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of ester-linked 2-phenylindole-3-carboxaldehyde-glucose conjugate (2-phenylindole-3-carboxyl-10″-O-β-D-glucosyl ester) was achieved by using plant cell cultures as biocatalysts. The anticancer agent, 2-phenylindole-3-carboxaldehyde, induced apoptosis in cells, whereas 2-phenylindole-3-carboxyl-10″-O-β-D-glucosyl ester showed no cytotoxicity and induced no apoptosis.

C-glucosyl, mannosyl and galactosyl 2-iodopropane, readily obtained from the corresponding C-glycosyl ketones, were coupled with (+)- or (-)-camphorsultam glyoxylic oxime ether with diastereoselectivity ranging from 70:30 to 80:20. C-glucosyl allothreonine was obtained by cleavage of the camphorsultam moiety.

The polar lipids of the autotrophically grown, obligately anaerobic, photosynthetic bacterium Chromatium strain D were separated by paper chromatography. Four major phospholipids were identified: lysophosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin. In addition, three glycolipids were observed and characterized, namely, monoglucosyldiglyceride, which is ...

Four new minor diterpene glycosides with a rare α-glucosyl linkage were isolated from a cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase glucosylated stevia extract containing more than 98% steviol glycosides. The new compounds were identified as 13-[(2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-O-(4-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy] ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid-[(4-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyran...

Noncovalent functionalization of graphene by carbohydrates such as β-cyclodextrin (βCD) has the potential to improve graphene dispersibility and its use in biomedical applications. Here we explore the ability of approximate quantum chemical methods to accurately model βCD conformation and its interaction with graphene. We find that DFTB3, SCC-DFTB and PM3CARB-1 methods provide the best agreemen...

Hesperidin, a flavonoid obtained from citrus fruits, is known to have multiple biological activities and antimicrobial activities for human viruses; however, hesperidin has very low solubility in water and the target molecule of hesperidin for influenza virus remains unknown. A water-soluble derivative of hesperidin, glucosyl hesperidin (GH), which was synthesized by regioselective transglycosy...