In this paper, we propose a coupled level-set framework for segmentation of bladder wall using T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. The segmentation results will be used for non-invasive MR-based virtual cystoscopy (VCys). The framework uses two level-set functions to segment inner and outer borders of the bladder wall respectively. Based on Chan-Vese (C-V) model, a local adaptive fittin...

Background: Reducing temperature of topically applied lignocaine gel for maximal anesthesia during cystoscopy in conscious patients have yielded mixed results. This prospective randomised controlled study was undertaken to compare pain mitigating effect at 4°C versus room rigid male patients. Methods: The consists 126 consecutive (n=126) who were randomly assigned into two groups: Group 1 (cont...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of narrow band imaging (NBI) cystoscopy associated with bipolar plasma vaporization (BPV) in cases of large nonmuscle-invasive bladder tumors (NMIBTs) compared with white light cystoscopy (WLC) and monopolar transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBTs). METHODS A total of 220 cases with ≥ 1 bladder tumor >3 cm determined by abdominal ultrasonography, c...

PURPOSE The analgetic efficacy of intraurethral instillation of anesthetic jelly in rigid cystoscopic examination for men is not clearly confirmed. This study evaluated the usefulness of intraurethral instillation of anesthetic jelly by questionnaires regarding the pain and uncomfortable feelings during and after the cystoscopic examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 62 men were enroll...

OBJECTIVE To assess the use of urologic investigations among traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) patients. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study from Ontario, Canada. We included all adult TSCI patients injured between 2002 and 2012. The primary outcome was the frequency of urodynamic testing, renal imaging, and cystoscopy. Primary exposure was the year of injury. The impact of age, se...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hexaminolevulinate fluorescence cystoscopy in the diagnosis of bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective design, we included patients who had a bladder lesion suggesting bladder cancer. Patients with massive hematuria, urethral Foley catheter insertion, chronic retention state, or urinary tract infection wer...

OBJECTIVES A single centre, retrospective trial was performed trying to assess the impact of NBI cystoscopy in cases of non-muscle invasive bladder tumors (NMIBT) by comparison to the standard approach. Our goal was to determine the superiority of the new method in terms of detection rates and subsequent postoperative treatment changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 320 NMIBT suspected con...

The diagnosis of bladder cancer is generally made by cystoscopy and biopsy. Moreover, bladder cancer has a very high frequency of recurrence and therefore requires follow-up cystoscopy, along with urine cytology, as periodic surveillance to identify recurrence early. Cystoscopy is invasive and apt with complications like urine infection which sometimes lead to septicaemia with serious consequen...

Abstract Aim To analyse the efficacy of taking verbal consent for flexible cystoscopy as opposed to written and whether it affected patient recall complications related procedure. Method Flexible has 3 main that we mention patients – Dysuria, Haematuria Infection. The 3-month long study from September November 2022 involved 40 who underwent in Aberdeen Royal Infirmary. 20 had prior procedure ot...

It is a fact that performing endoscopy using conventional methods requires substantial time and development of alternative diagnostic modalities. Replacement of rigid endoscopes with flexible and digital devices in time, faster performance of the procedures and reduced time for them to turn back to work brought about the expectancy. It was possible that easier and more reliable methods could ex...