Dear Editor-in-Chief Myxoid tumors of oral cavity encompass a broad spectrum of lesions, primarily neoplastic.(1) The significant variations in the biological behaviour; ranging from completely harmless to malignant neoplasm they require an accurate histopathological diagnosis to ensure a proper treatment. (2) Because of the considerable overlapping between the clinical and histopathologi...

Prediction of prognosis in colorectal cancer is vital for the choice of therapeutic options. Histopathological factors remain paramount in this respect. Factors such as tumor size, histological type and subtype, presence of signet ring morphology and the degree of differentiation as well as the presence of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node involvement are well known factors that influence ...

The actin cytoskeleton plays an important role in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses by modulating the activation of Src and subsequently inducing nuclear factor (NF)-κB translocation. In spite of its critical functions, few papers have examined how the actin cytoskeleton can be regulated by the activation of toll-like receptor (TLR). Therefore, in this study, we further characterized t...

Many viruses alter intracellular calcium homeostasis. The rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane glycoprotein, increases intracellular levels of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]cyto) through a phospholipase C-independent pathway, which is required for virus replication and morphogenesis. However, the NSP4 domain and mechanism that increases [Ca(2+)]cyt...

The neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) is expressed on the surface of astrocytes, where its homophilic binding leads to the activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. Transfection of astrocytes with a construct encompassing the transmembrane region and the cytoplasmic domain of N-CAM (designated Tm-Cyto, amino acids 685-839 in the full-length molecule) inhibited this activation up to ...

Histopathology is crucial to diagnosis of cancer, yet its interpretation is tedious and challenging. To facilitate this procedure, content-based image retrieval methods have been developed as case-based reasoning tools. Especially, with the rapid growth of digital histopathology, hashing-based retrieval approaches are gaining popularity due to their exceptional efficiency and scalability. Never...

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare nerve sheath tumor derived from Schwann cells or pleuripotent cells of neural crest. Neurogenic tumors make about 10-20% of all mediastinal tumors. Incidence of MPNST is 0.001% in general population and 0.16% in patients with neurofibromatosis I (NF I). We report a case of 60 year female presenting with progressive cough and breathlessne...

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers occurring among women throughout the world, and is the leading cause of death from cancer. Globally, it averages more than 1.1 million new cases, where developed countries face 55% of the burden; the incidence is rapidly catching up in the developing world as well (Parkin et al., 2005). In Pakistan like other Asian countries, breast cancer among f...

BACKGROUND Ocular disease is a frequent manifestation of congenital Toxoplasma gondii infection. There are only limited data available in the literature concerning early stages of this disease in fetuses and infants. The purpose of our study was to characterize histopathological features in the eyes of 10 fetuses and 2 infants with congenital toxoplasmosis. METHODS Fifteen eyes from 10 fetuse...

Juvenile xanthogranuloma(JXG) is the variant of non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. The orange-yellow background coloration with clouds of paler yellow deposits is the most characteristic dermoscopic finding of JXG. Other dermoscopic features include erythematous border, subtle pigment network and white linear streak. The objective of this study was to present the structural correlation between...