Human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus that has been identified as the causative agent of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and other illnesses. HTLV-I infects primarily CD4(+) T cells and the transmission occurs through direct cell-to-cell contact. HAM/TSP patients harbor higher proviral loads in peripheral blood lymphocytes than...

The immune response is how your body recognizes and defends itself against bacteria, viruses, substances that appear foreign harmful. Innate, or nonspecific, immunity the defense system with which you were born. It protects all antigens. Innate involves barriers keep harmful materials from entering body. An antigen-presenting cell (APC) a displays antigen bound by major histocompatibility compl...

Last December, a novel coronavirus emerged in Wuhan city, China. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes high intense with elevation mortality. Nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (NP) is one of the most structural proteins virus. NP possesses active immunogenicity for T-cell response. Because considered as potential vaccine target, our study goal was to identify cytotoxic (...

Abstract Neoantigens derived from somatic mutations in cancer cells can induce antigen‐specific T‐cell immune response for immunotherapy. However, the 3D models assessing neoepitope immunogenicity and efficacy of anti‐tumor to neoantigens are less than perfect. Here, a tumor model based on recellularized liver matrix is leveraged with HepG2 investigate T cell cytotoxic reactivity toward hepatoc...

objective: dendritic cells (dcs) are essential for the activation and polarization of t cells during an adaptive immune response. in this research we investigated the effect of the lymphoide dcs pulsed with heat-treated tumor lysate (htl) as a vaccine in tumor immunotherapy. materials and methods: the balb/c mice were injected subcutaneously in the right flank with wehi-164 fibrosarcoma cells ...

Leishmania is resident within the macrophages of its vertebrate host. In any intramacrophage infection, where the pathogen is present in a form capable of mediating cell to cell transmission, the contribution of a cytotoxic T cell response to protective immunity is questionable. This study presents data from an in vitro model designed to elucidate the outcome of an interaction between CD8+, cyt...

We have shown previously that tumorspecific T suppressor (Ts) cells were induced in vivo in BALB/c mice by the syngeneic plasmacytoma (PC) ADJ-PC-5 at very early stages of tumorigenesis [1, 2]. These Ts cells, which suppress a strong primary cytotoxic T cell response, have been characterized in detail [1-3]. There is evidence that Ts cell-inducing antigens (Ts-Ag) on ADJ-PC-5 plasmacytoma cells...

Normal mice infected with 10(5) infectious doses of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV, WE isolate) generated a reduced or no T cell-independent IgM and/or T cell-dependent IgG response to a subsequent vesicular stomatitis virus Indiana (VSV-IND) injection; this transient immune suppression lasted for weeks to months. Connatally infected LCMV-carrier mice or acutely infected T cell-defici...

PURPOSE Cell surface HLA class I molecules present peptides derived from human cellular proteins to T cells. In the present study, we investigated the expression of HLA class I in human pancreatic carcinoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of HLA class I antigen and the extent of tumor infiltration by T cells were investigated in 46 primary tumors and in 14 metastases of pancreatic cancer ...

We compared the cytotoxic activities of thymus-dependent and thymus-independent CD8(+) T cells. Thymus-dependent CD8(+) T cells, which are foreign antigen specific, acquired cytotoxic activity to tumor cells with a basal dose of the antigen peptides and to hybridoma cells expressing anti-TCR mAb only after differentiation into effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). In contrast, thymus-independ...