A methodology for solving three-dimensional crack problems with geometries that are independent of the mesh is described. The method is based on the extended 5nite element method, in which the crack discontinuity is introduced as a Heaviside step function via a partition of unity. In addition, branch functions are introduced for all elements containing the crack front. The branch functions incl...

The use of virtual and digital technological resources is a phenomenon that crosses humanity in such an intense way it often interferes with the existential naturalness individuals allows to launch world, even if subtle gradual way, relationship mastery machine mankind. work aims make reader aware problem human-machine bring paths reflections based on perspective studies debates field Philosoph...

The D″ region consists of many different structures on length-scales and here we test whether an inhomogeneous scattering could potentially explain two these seismic observables, namely PKP precursors, which are generated by near the core-mantle boundary, reflections a discontinuity in lowermost mantle. focus this study is modeling precursors lower mantle reflections. Testing heterogeneity mode...