The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of 3 targeted growth rates on adaptive (i.e., antigen-specific) immune responses of preruminant, milk replacer-fed calves. Calves (9.1 +/- 2.4 d of age) were assigned randomly to one of 3 dietary treatments to achieve 3 targeted daily rates of gain [no growth (maintenance) = 0.0 kg/d, low growth = 0.55 kg/d, or high growth = 1.2 kg/d] over ...

Canine dirofilariasis caused by Dirofilaria immitis is usually diagnosed by specific antigen testing and/or identification of microfilariae. However, D. immitis and at least six other filariae can produce canine microfilaremias with negative heartworm antigen tests. Discriminating these can be of clinical importance. To resolve discordant diagnoses by two diagnostic laboratories in an antigen-n...

Human leukocyte (alpha) interferon (IFN-alpha) is composed of a multigene family within which at least eight different species have been expressed in Escherichia coli, isolated, and shown to exert a wide range of biological activities on different human target cells. In this study we utilized eight species of IFN-alpha (A, B, C, D, F, I, J, and K) and investigated their respective capabilities ...

The tests presented in Tables I, II, and III show that only in the higher concentration cross reactions do take place, and that there is definite specificity of the two sorts of immune sera for the homologous antigens. Thus it is easy to differentiate the l- and d-antigens in dilutions 1:100 and upwards. The occurrence of cross reactions can readily be ascribed to the fact that the l- and d-aci...

UNLABELLED The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces two major cell surface lipopolysaccharides, characterized by distinct O antigens, called common polysaccharide antigen (CPA) and O-specific antigen (OSA). CPA contains a polymer of D-rhamnose (D-Rha) in α1-2 and α1-3 linkages. Three putative glycosyltransferase genes, wbpX, wbpY, and wbpZ, are part of the CPA biosynthesis clu...

The 1H and 13C NMR resonances for a novel distamycin conjugate, 3-[1-methyl-4-[1-methyl-4-[1-methyl-4-[N1 -[5methyl-2,4(1H,3H)pyrimidinedione]acetylamino]pyrrole-2-carboxamido]pyrrole-2-carboxamido]pyrrole-2carboxamido]propionamidine hydrochloride (1), were assigned, using the concerted application of oneand two-dimensional NMR techniques including nuclear Overhauser effect difference, DEPT, HM...

V(D)J recombination, the mechanism responsible for generating antigen receptor diversity, has the potential to generate aberrant DNA rearrangements in developing lymphocytes. Indeed, the recombinase has been implicated in several different kinds of errors leading to oncogenic transformation. Here we review the basic aspects of V(D)J recombination, mechanisms underlying aberrant DNA rearrangemen...

The transition to a sustainable society is happening too slowly. Although many changes have been introduced in public policies to ensure the greening of industry, these steps towards sustainability are insufficient unless individual households also contribute. This study tries to show that households have very different impacts on the environment. A difference in lifestyle, i.e. how we choose t...

Abeni Wickham, Daniel Sjölander, Gunnar Bergström, Ergang Wang, Vijayalakshmi Rajendran, Camilla Hildesjö, Karin Skoglund, Peter Nilsson and Daniel Aili, Near-Infrared Emitting and Pro-Angiogenic Electrospun Conjugated Polymer Scaffold for Optical Biomaterial Tracking, 2015, Advanced Functional Materials, (25), 27, 4274-4281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201500351 Copyright: Wiley: 12 months ...

O-antigen (O-polysaccharide), a part of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is one of the most variable cell constituents and is related to bacterial virulence. O-antigen diversity is almost entirely due to genetic variations in O-antigen gene clusters. In this study, the O-polysaccharide structures of Salmonella O55 and Escherichia coli O103 were elucidated by chemical analysis and n...