It is well established that equity issuance for most non-financial firms is procyclical. This paper shows that, in contrast, equity issuance for banks is countercyclical across credit cycles after 1980, as is retained income. Thus, during credit booms, banks raise less equity, even though more equity might help banks better absorb shocks. This paper shows that government guarantees play a cruci...

1 8.1 INTRODUCTION The efficiency and equity effects of risk classification in insurance markets have been a source of substantial debate, both amongst economists and in the public policy arena. 1 The primary concerns have been the adverse equity consequences for individuals who are categorized unfavorably, and the extent to which risk classification enhances efficiency in insurance contracting...

The ecological compensation system also implements the concept of intergenerational equity. By actively exploring and perfecting system, resource-based cities can carry out restoration in time while developing oil gas resources, so that carrying capacity environment support benign development social economy cities, which is great significance not only to but sustainable entire resources industr...

Resum Moderation in virtual communities should not be a private privilege. This paper proposes a method for participants in a social network to decide their own rules for accepting (or not) contents. With the norm argument map, participants are able to argue about norms and voice their opinions about other people?s arguments. This structure, equipped with a method to fuse all the data introduce...

Resum Moderation in virtual communities should not be a private privilege. This paper proposes a method for participants in a social network to decide their own rules for accepting (or not) contents. With the norm argument map, participants are able to argue about norms and voice their opinions about other people?s arguments. This structure, equipped with a method to fuse all the data introduce...

Resum Moderation in virtual communities should not be a private privilege. This paper proposes a method for participants in a social network to decide their own rules for accepting (or not) contents. With the norm argument map, participants are able to argue about norms and voice their opinions about other people?s arguments. This structure, equipped with a method to fuse all the data introduce...

Resum Moderation in virtual communities should not be a private privilege. This paper proposes a method for participants in a social network to decide their own rules for accepting (or not) contents. With the norm argument map, participants are able to argue about norms and voice their opinions about other people?s arguments. This structure, equipped with a method to fuse all the data introduce...

If two hospitals are providing identical services in all respects, except for the brand name, why are customers willing to pay more for one hospital than the other? That is, the brand name is not just a name, but a name that contains value (brand equity). Brand equity is the value that the brand name endows to the product, such that consumers are willing to pay a premium price for products with...

We consider the problem of a fair collective choice function (fair CCF) which maps each profile of extended preference orderings into the set of fair social states (the set consists of alternatives which are both Pareto efficient and envy-free) when such a set exists. Our main objective is to examine compatibility of fair social choices with collective rationality. We formulate desirable proper...

In this paper we aim to situate social implications of information systems (IS) within a broader context of progressive rationalisation in modern organisations. More specifically, we examine what roles IS play in increasing rationalisation of organisational processes and what are the implications. Our objective in the paper is twofold: i) to propose a rationality framework that synthesises diff...