Postprandial hyperglycemia is implicated as a risk factor predisposing to vascular complications. This study was designed to assess recurrent short-term increases in glucose on markers of renal fibrogenesis. Human renal cortical fibroblasts were exposed to fluctuating short-term (2 h) increases to 15 mM d-glucose, three times a day over 72 h, on a background of 5 mM d-glucose. To determine whet...

D-[6-3H3]6-Deoxy-5-ketoglucose (10) and D-[5,6-3H2]6-deoxyglucose (11) were incorporated into neomycins B and C using a growing culture of Streptomyces fradiae. D-[6-3H]6-Deoxy-5-ketoglucose was incorporated into neomycin, as efficiently as the well established precursor D-glucose, and was found to label exclusively the 2-deoxystreptamine ring of the antibiotic. The results strengthened the pre...

Transport of d-[3H]glucose into lobster (Homarus americanus) brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) prepared by Mg2+ precipitation from antennal gland labyrinth-coelomosac tissue was examined. Influx of d-glucose occurred primarily by a phlorizin-sensitive, Na+-dependent carrier similar to that found in vertebrate renal epithelium. An inwardly directed Na+ gradient drove concentrative d-glucose...

Panchapakesan, U., S. Sumual, C. A. Pollock, and X. Chen. PPAR agonists exert antifibrotic effects in renal tubular cells exposed to high glucose. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 289: F1153–F1158, 2005. First published May 10, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00097.2005.—Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR ) are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate cell growth, inflammation, li...

A particulate enzyme system from Phaseolus aureus seedlings catalyzes the synthesis of alkali insoluble polysaccharide material from UDP-d-glucose. 80 to 90% of the d-glucose units are joined by beta-1,4 linkages, the remainder being combined by beta-1,3 linkages. It is not known whether the material is a single polysaccharide or a mixture.With a substrate concentration of 4 x 10(-3)m the enzym...

Chronic incubation with elevated D-glucose reduces adenosine transport in endothelial cells. In this study, exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to 25 mmol/L D-glucose or 100 micromol/L ATP, ATP-gamma-S, or UTP, but not ADP or alpha,beta-methylene ATP, reduced adenosine transport with no change in transport affinity. Inhibition of transport by D-glucose, ATP, and ATP-gamma-S was a...

6-Deoxy-D-glucose, a structural homomorph of D-glucose which lacks a hydroxyl group at carbon 6 and thus cannot be phosphorylated, is transported by Saccharomyces cerevisiae via a facilitated diffusion system with affinity equivalent to that shown with D-glucose. This finding supports the facilitated diffusion mechanism for glucose transport and contradicts theories of transport-associated phos...

days against EDTA. Assuming a molecular weight for the virus of 50 x 106, calculation of the number of atoms of iron, copper, calcium, and magnesium per virus particle gave values of 20, 3, 52, and 45, respectively. The fact that iron and magnesium were concentrated approximately 20-fold in the virus ribonucleic acid compared with the occurrence of about 5 percent nucleic acid in the virus indi...