Traditional DEA models ignore the internal process of production systems and are not able to identify the cause of deficiency in efficiencies measuring. At this research, traditional DEA model and two-stage DEA model were used to measure the efficiency of Iranian private insurance companies during 2007-2009. The results indicated that the traditional DEA model is not suitable for such kind of n...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a mathematical approach to measuring the relative efficiency of peer decision-making units (DMUs). It is particularly useful when no a priori information is available on the trade-offs or relationships among various performance measures. A shortcoming of the DEA model, however, is its inability to provide a measure of absolute performance for the DMUs under in...

There is an urgent need in a wide range of fields such as logistics and supply chain management to develop effective approaches to measure and/or optimally design a network system comprised of a set of units. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) researchers have been developing network DEA models to measure decision making units’ (DMUs’) network systems. However, to our knowledge, there are no previ...

The purpose of this study is to present a complementary modeling approach using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and artificial neural network (ANN) as an adaptive decision support tool in promoting best performance benchmarking and performance modeling. DEA and ANN are combined to take advantages of optimization and prediction capabilities inherent in each method. DEA is used as a preprocessor ...

Adenosine is a putative endogenous sleep-inducing substance, and nitric oxide has been implicated in arousal and sleep mechanisms. We found that various nitric oxide donors, including diethylamine NONOate (DEA/NO), stimulated large increases in extracellular adenosine in nearly pure cultures of forebrain neurons. The effect of DEA/NO could be blocked by 2-phenyl-4,4,5, 5-tetramethyl-imidazoline...

P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and CYP2C8. The CYP3A4 isoenzyme is present in both the liver and intestines. The highly variable systemic availability of oral amiodarone may be attributed potentially to large interindividual variability in CYP3A4 activity. Amiodarone is eliminated primarily by hepatic metabolism and biliary excretion and there is negligible excretion of amiodarone or DEA in urine. Neither a...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been widely applied in evaluating multicriteria decision making problems, which have multi-input and multi-output. However, the traditional DEA method does neither take the decision maker’s subjective preferences to the individual criteria into consideration nor rank the selected options or decision making units (DMUs). On the other hand, Satty’s analytical h...

Data Envelopment Analysis is based on linear programming problems (LPP) in order to find the efficiency of Decision Making Units (DMUs). This process can be computationally intense, as a LPP has to be run for each unit. Besides, a typical DEA LPP has a large number of redundant constraints concerning the inefficient DMUs. That results in degenerate LPPs and in some cases, multiple efficient sol...

A non-cancer inhalation chronic toxicity assessment for diethylamine (DEA, CAS number 109-89-7) was conducted by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. A chronic Reference Value (ReV) was determined based on a high-quality study conducted in mice and rats by the National Toxicology Program. Chronic inhalation ReVs are health-based exposure concentrations used in assessing health risks o...

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism regulating transcription, which when disrupted, can alter gene expression and contribute to carcinogenesis. Diethanolamine (DEA), a non-genotoxic alkanolamine, produces liver tumors in mice. Studies suggest DEA inhibits choline uptake and causes biochemical changes consistent with choline deficiency (CD). Rodents fed methyl-deficient diets exhibit alte...