A simple probabilistic model is devised to determine the number of shuffles required for the bottom card of a deck to become uniformly distributed with a specified tolerance. This number is a lower bound on the number of shuffles needed for the entire deck to be randomly mixed. We wish to find a lower bound on the number of riffle shuffles required to mix a deck of k cards. In such a shuffle, t...

Increasing the level of security in critical or "high-value" buildings is becoming a great concern in today's increasingly security aware society. Building access control represents an important tool for enhancing security by reducing the likelihood that malicious persons can even enter a critical structure. Existing access control solutions rely on key cards as a mechanism for identifying one ...

Transit OD matrix is of vital importance when planning urban transit system. Traditional transit OD matrix constructing method needs a large range of spot check survey. It is expensive and needs long cycle time to process information. Recently transit IC card charging systems have been widely applied in big cities. Being processed reasonably, transit passenger information stored in IC card data...

The game of two-person whist is played with a deck of cards. Each card belongs to a suit, and each suit is totally ordered. The cards are distributed between the two players so that each player receives the same number of cards. Hence both players have complete information about the deal. Play proceeds in tricks, with the obligation to follow suit, as in many real-world card games. We study the...

The Game of War is an internationally popular children’s card game with a very basic set of rules. At the start, the pack is shuffled and divided into two equal parts; then each player reveals their top card. The player with the highest value card then collects both cards and returns them to the bottom of their hand. This process continues until one player loses all cards. Many who play this ga...

Subjects were asked to carry out a clairvoyance task as a study of the effect of belief and its modulation on psi performance. The task was to guess hidden symbols on Zener cards. Subjects stated whether they believed in the existence of psi, after which the belief was either supported or contradicted by written and verbal arguments. After this, the subjects carried out the clairvoyance task. A...

We take advantage of a natural experiment in the minimum wage setting in Russia to study the employment consequences of large hikes in the minimum wage. In September 2007, the Russian government raised the federal minimum wage from 1100 to 2300 Rubles and simultaneously gave the regions the power to set their own minima above the federal threshold. In studying the effect of this reform, we foll...

Most of the work on card shuffling assumes that all the cards in a deck are distinct, and that in a well-shuffled deck all orderings need to be equally likely. We consider the case of decks with repeated cards and decks which are dealt into hands, as in bridge and poker. We derive asymptotic formulas for the randomness of the resulting games. Results include the influence of where a poker deck ...

This paper will describe a method which finds and determines suit and rank of playing cards in an image, the image processing pipeline developed in this paper is developed in such a way that it should be possible to make it run on an mobile device in close to real time. The resulting pipeline managed to find and correctly classify images with an accuracy of 66%.

This article presents an analysis of the adoption the Citizen Card in Portugal based on a survey, in which 601 citizens participated. The survey focused on the knowledge of the card and of its features, as well as in the digital signature capabilities. First the survey population was informed about the concept of the Citizen Card, its applicability, and the technological mechanisms associated w...