We often treat annotation as a supplement, scribbling tacked on to the real (hyper) text. Instead, we might view annotation as an organic process in which the current hypertext grows and is elaborated in ways that are unpredictable but not unconstrained. In this, we recognize the old mission of constructive hypertext to form a seedbed and trellis, a structure for what it becoming. A key to cult...

Wood as a natural organic material is susceptible to biodeterioration by insects, fungi, and bacteria. There is almost no wooden artefact or old wooden element, which is not infected and not damaged, at least partly, by wood-destroying organisms. As ancient wood and wooden artefacts are invaluable, their appropriate restoration is of particular importance. The first step in restoration is the d...

High efficiency, solution-processed, organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), using a thermally-activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitter, 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN), are fabricated, and the transient electroluminescence (EL) decay of the device with a structure of [ITO/PEDOT: PSS/4CzIPN 5 wt % doped 4,40-N,N0-dicarbazolylbiphenyl(CBP)/bis-4,6-(3,5-di-4-pyridy...

Ammonia is a natural compound, as well as a manufactured compound. In nature, most ammonia probably comes from decomposing animal excreta, with the decay of organic materials from plants, dead animals, and the like also contributing significant amounts. It is also exhaled by animals. Production of fixed nitrogen (NH3) by plants and microorganisms is estimated at 90 to 130 metric tons annually. ...

Two pools of plant-derived C31 n-alkane occurring respectively as free and humin-bound forms in the same soil have been distinguished by C/C analyses. The results show that the humin-bound molecule is on the average 7 years older than the free molecule. These findings indicate that apolar organic substances can be trapped temporarily into the soil matrix by weak forces. Dans un même sol, la ten...

BACKGROUND Although semi-arid and arid regions account for about 40% of terrestrial surface of the Earth and contain approximately 10% of the global soil organic carbon stock, our understanding of soil organic carbon dynamics in these regions is limited. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A field experiment was conducted to compare soil organic carbon dynamics between a perennial grass community ...

Organic molecular crystals are attractive materials for luminescent applications because of their promised tunability. However, the link between chemical structure and emissive behavior is poorly understood numerous interconnected factors which at play in determining radiative nonradiative behaviors solid-state level. In particular, decay through conical intersection dominates nonadiabatic regi...

The GaAs surface passivation effects of epitaxially grown ultra-thin GaP layers and surface As–P exchange have been investigated. Optical properties of passivated and unpassivated InGaAs/GaAs near-surface quantum wells (QWs) grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) are studied by low-temperature continuous-wave and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL). By optimizing the growth conditi...

Inorganic-organic hybrid material based on Eu and calix[4]arene bearing four carboxylic acid groups has been synthesized via hydro(solvo)thermal method assisted by microwave irradiation. The obtained sample was characterized by FT-IR, PXRD, SEM and photoluminescence. The results showed the formation of coordination polymer with low symmetry around Eu ion. The monoexponential luminescence decay ...

Expressions are derived for the fluorescence response functions of organic solution systems in which non-radiative energy transfer occurs and obeys either Stern-Volmer or Forster kinetics. Scintillation pulse shapes are evaluated for typical crystals, binary and temary liquid solutions, and binary plastic solutions. The scintillation decay time is inadequate to describe the time characteristics...