The structural organization of crystalline, membrane-bound (Na+ + K+)-ATPase was studied by negative staining and thin sectioning. The enzyme molecules were induced to form crystalline arrays within fragments of membrane by incubation in defined ionic conditions. The enzyme remained fully active after crystallization. Negative staining and computer processing of images of the crystalline specim...

Semiconducting heterostructures with type-II band structure have attracted much attention due to their novel physical properties and wide applications in optoelectronics. Herein, we report, for the first time, a controlled synthesis of type-II ZnS/SnO2 heterostructured ribbon composed of SnO2 nanoparticles that uniformly cover the surface of ZnS ribbon via a simple and versatile thermal evapora...

The cytokine production by leukocytes correlates with body's ability to mount an immune response and therefore has high diagnostic value. In the present study we employed microfabricated surfaces to capture T-cells from minimally processed human blood, arrange these cells into a single cell array, and then detect interferon (IFN)-gamma released from individual cells. The fabrication of cell cap...

Understanding how fingers slip on surfaces is essential for elucidating the mechanisms of haptic perception. This paper describes an investigation of the relationship between occlusion and the non-Coulombic slip of the finger pad, which results in the frictional force being a power law function of the normal load, with an index ; Coulombic slip corresponds to = 1. For smooth impermeable surface...

Insoluble lipids serve vital functions in our bodies and interact with biomedical devices, e.g., the tear film on a contact lens. Over a period of time, these naturally occurring lipids form interfacial coatings that modify the wettability characteristics of these foreign synthetic surfaces. In this study, we examine the deposition and consequences of tear film lipids on silicone hydrogel (SiHy...

Surface modified colloidal carriers such as nanoparticles are able to modulate the biodistribution of the loaded drug when given intravenously, but also to control the absorption of drugs administered by other routes. This review presents the different strategies to coat the surface of polymeric as well as inorganic nanoparticles with polysaccharides. Various physicochemical and biological meth...

The synthesis of polymer brush decorated silica nano-particles is demonstrated by activator regeneration by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) grafting of poly(tert-butyl methacrylate). ATRP initiator decorated silica nano-particles were obtained using a novel trimethylsiloxane derivatised ATRP initiator obtained by click chemistry. Comparison of de-grafted poly...

The semiconductors decorated with noble metals or magnetic metals have attracted increasing attention due to multifunctional properties. In this article, we prepare novel bimetallic core/shell nanoparticle (Co@Au and Co@Ag)-decorated 3D urchin-like hierarchical TiO2 nanostructures through combining electroless plating and in situ replacement processes. The morphology and structure are character...

In the article we deal with sets of trees and functions yielding trees. So, we introduce the sets of all trees, all finite trees and of all trees decorated by elements from some set. Next, the functions and the finite sequences yielding (finite, decorated) trees are introduced. There are shown some convenient but technical lemmas and clusters concerning with those concepts. In the fourth sectio...

In this work, graphene layers on SiO(2)/Si substrate have been chemically decorated by radio frequency hydrogen plasma. Hydrogen coverage investigation by Raman spectroscopy and micro-X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization demonstrates that the hydrogenation of single layer graphene on SiO(2)/Si substrate is much less feasible than that of bilayer and multilayer graphene. Both the hy...