BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend instruction and motivation during anorectal manometry; however, its impact on findings has not been reported. This study assessed the effects of standard versus enhanced instruction and verbal feedback on the results of anorectal manometry. METHODS High-resolution manometry was performed by a solid-state catheter with 10 circumferential sensors at 6 mm separati...

Little information is available on the relationship between the spatial distribution of zoonotic parasites in soil and the pattern of hosts' faeces deposition at a local scale. In this study, the spatial distribution of soil contaminated by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii was investigated in relation to the distribution and use of the defecation sites of its definitive host, the domestic cat (Fe...

BACKGROUND Recently, polyethylene glycol (PEG 3350) has been suggested as a good alternative laxative to lactulose as a treatment option in paediatric constipation. However, no large randomised controlled trials exist evaluating the efficacy of either laxative. AIMS To compare PEG 3350 (Transipeg: polyethylene glycol with electrolytes) with lactulose in paediatric constipation and evaluate cl...

An area is categorized as Open Defecation Free (ODF) when the community has carried out total sanitation practices and does not defecate openly. In Indonesia, more than 58 million people still practice open defecation; in city of Bandung only 17 151 sub-districts have 100% ODF categorization Cibaduyut sub-district 26% ODF. This study aimed to determine factors associated with levels defecation ...

BACKGROUND The importance of maternal sanitation behaviour during pregnancy for birth outcomes remains unclear. Poor sanitation practices can promote infection and induce stress during pregnancy and may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). We aimed to assess whether poor sanitation practices were associated with increased risk of APOs such as preterm birth and low birth weight in a ...