The density of rotational transitions for a polyatomic molecule is so large that in general many such transitions are hidden under the Doppler profile, this being a fundamental limit of conventional high resolution electronic spectroscopy. We present here the first Doppler-free cw two-photon spectrum of a polyatomic molecule. In the case of benzene, 400 lines are observed of which 300 are due t...

The recent realization of topological phases in insulators and superconductors has advanced the search for robust quantum technologies. The prospect to implement the underlying topological features controllably has given incentive to explore optical platforms for analogous realizations. Here we realize a topologically induced defect state in a chain of dielectric microwave resonators and show t...

Typically, the chiral magnetic Skyrmion is a single-state excitation. Here we propose a system, where multiplet of Skyrmion states appears and one of these states can be the ground one. We show that the presence of a localized curvilinear defect drastically changes the magnetic properties of a thin perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic film. For a large enough defect amplitude a discrete set...

Single-photon emission from the nitrogen-vacancy defect in diamond constitutes one of its many proposed applications. Owing to its doubly degenerate 3E electronic excited state, photons from this defect can be emitted by two optical transitions with perpendicular polarization. Previous measurements have indicated that orbital-selective photoexcitation does not, however, yield photoluminescence ...

The crossing of a continuous phase transition results in the formation topological defects with density predicted by Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). We characterize spatial distribution point-like resulting nonequilibrium state and model it using Poisson point process arbitrary dimension KZM density. Numerical simulations one-dimensional $\phi^4$ theory unveil short-distance defect-defect correct...

Background and Importance: Our learning curve during two decades of neurosurgical practice has been changed from an abstractive to a more meaningful and conductive state. In cases of fifth nerve neurinoma, pre-operative anatomopathologic diagnosis could lead us to a pre-planned program during and after the surgery to get the safe surgical result. Case Presentation: Representation of two comp...

The quantitative description of the orthopositronium anomalies (" isotope anomaly " in a gaseous neon for the " resonance conditions " and " λT-anomaly " in non-resonance conditions) is possible on the basis of a hypothesis about restoration of spontaneously broken complete rela-tivity (A.F.Andreev, 1982) of the limited space-time " volume " (" defect " of the space-time) in a final state of β ...

BACKGROUND Shoulders with recurrent anterior instability often have combined bony defects of the humeral head and glenoid. Previous studies have looked at only isolated humeral head or glenoid defects. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to define the relationship of combined humeral head and glenoid defects on anterior shoulder instability. Combined bony defects will lead to increas...

We extend the model of a 2d solid to include a line of defects. Neighboring atoms on the defect line are connected by springs of different strength and different cohesive energy with respect to the rest of the system. Using the Migdal-Kadanoff renormalization group we show that the elastic energy is an irrelevant field at the bulk critical point. For zero elastic energy this model reduces to th...

A two-level defect–correction method for the steady-state Navier–Stokes equations with a high Reynolds number is considered in this paper. The defect step is accomplished in a coarse-level subspace Hm by solving the standard Galerkin equation with an artificial viscosity parameter σ as a stability factor, and the correction step is performed in a fine-level subspace HM by solving a linear equat...