A number of literatures suggest that military strength has been losing centrality and importance to nonmilitary factors of national power. In this paper, logistic regressions and data from the Correlates of War COW project are used to investigate whether over the 1820–2000 time horizon, for the great powers and their proximate contenders, the importance of military capabilities to national powe...

Inspired by recent work in the theory of central projections onto hypersurfaces, we characterize self-linked perfect ideals of grade 2 as those with a Hilbert–Burch matrix that has a maximal symmetric subblock. We also prove that every Gorenstein perfect algebra of grade 1 can be presented, as a module, by a symmetric matrix. Both results are derived from the same elementary lemma about symmetr...

The power law of practice states that the time to perform a task decreases as a power-law function of the number of times the task has been performed. One possible explanation for this ubiquitous regularity is the chunking theory of learning. It proposes that the acquisition and use of chunks is the basis for these improvements. In this article we describe a first attempt at implementing a lear...

Installed capacities of distributed generation are projected to increase substantially in Great Britain and many other power systems. This paper will discuss the definition of capacity value of DG arising from its ability to support additional demand without the need for new network capacity, in analogy with the definition of Effective Load Carrying Capability (ELCC) at transmission level. This...

We examine the economic consequences of the partitioning of Africa among European powers in the late 19th century; a process historically known as the scramble for Africa. First, using information on the spatial distribution of African ethnicities before colonization we establish that border drawing was largely arbitrary. Apart from the land mass and water area of an ethnicity’s historical home...

The final hurdle for all Ph.D. candidates in our department at the university was an oral defense of their thesis work. a formal report research project that had usually taken years to finish. Along way, they satisfy list course requirements, and knowledge should have learned these courses also fair game questioning by Advisory Committee faculty members who guided candidate over attended defense.

One significant way in which the duplication issue has remained important emerged from the introduction of another factor. By the time of St. Mâlo and the first U.S. formal response to it, the NATO Alliance was also “seized of” concerns about its own military resources and capacities. Having successfully completed the design phase of adapting the NATO Alliance to meet the challenges of the post...