Porcine torovirus (PToV) was detected from intestinal samples of piglets with diarrhea from 20 farms in southwest China. The total prevalence of PToV was 45% (9 out of 20 farms); it was the first detection of PToV in China, and also the study analyzed the phylogenetic relationships between the Chinese PToV and PToV reference strains as well as other representative toroviruses. Genetic and phylo...

Enteric defensins likely play a key role in the management of the human microbiome throughout development. The functional and mechanistic diversity of defensins is much greater than was initially thought. Defensin expression and overall Paneth cell physiology likely plays a key role in the development of colitis and other inflammatory or dysbiotic diseases of the gut. As our understanding of en...

Mature beagles were fed a ground-meal diet containing 0, 2, or 10 mug of oxytetracycline per g for 44 days. The 10-mug/g diet resulted in a shift from a predominantly drug-susceptible population of enteric lactose-fermenting organisms to a multiply antibiotic-resistant population which peaked at 78% resistant organisms. Since a shift to drug-resistant organisms did not occur in the group fed 2 ...

release. Second, a predictive and detailed model is reor afterthought of transmission, but a crucial means by quired for understanding the functional circuit level conwhich inhibitory signals are evenly distributed in time. sequences of transmission dynamics. Before such a comprehensive model is possible, some additional details need to be resolved. For example, in the current Sacha Nelson mode...

Small-scale commercial poultry production is emerging as an important form of livestock production in Africa, providing sources of income and animal protein to many poor households, yet the occurrence and impact of coccidiosis on this relatively new production system remains unknown. The primary objective of this study was to examine Eimeria parasite occurrence on small-scale commercial poultry...

Granulomas represent a localized inflammatory reaction that is characteristically observed in many inflammatory conditions. However, the mechanisms of granuloma formation have not been fully defined. Herein we demonstrate, by using experimental models of intestinal inflammation, that a unique CD11c+ DC-like cell subset that exhibits phenotypic and functional features of immature myeloid DCs and...

Human adenovirus (HAdV) serotype 52 has recently been discovered in the United States in samples from human patients with gastroenteritis of unknown etiology and is suspected to be a new human enteric pathogen. The aim of the present pilot study was to investigate whether this virus is circulating in the population of Southern Hungary by screening stool specimens collected from gastroenteritis ...

The mechanism of chromatin compaction in mitosis has been well studied, while little is known about what controls chromatin decompaction in early G1 phase. We have localized the Condensin subunit Brn1 to a compact spiral of rDNA in mitotic budding yeast cells. Brn1 release and the resulting rDNA decompaction in late telophase coincided with mitotic spindle dissociation, and occurred asymmetrica...

Acute inflammatory lung injury is often a delayed complication of critical illness and is associated with increased mortality. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, in addition to its role as a transcriptional regulator factor, has been identified as a late mediator of endotoxin lethality and might be also involved in the development and progression of acute lung injury. HMGB1 protein itse...