In this study, the activity of the delta-opioid receptor subtype-selective agonist, SB 227122, was investigated in a guinea pig model of citric acid-induced cough. Parenteral administration of selective agonists of the delta-opioid receptor (SB 227122), mu-opioid receptor (codeine and hydrocodone), and kappa-opioid receptor (BRL 52974) produced dose-related inhibition of citric acid-induced cou...

Previous studies have reported an association of gamma/delta T cells with microbial infection in both human lesions and murine infectious disease models. In this study we provide a comprehensive analysis of the conditions under which the induction of gamma/delta T cells occurs at a site of infection. We found a site-specific induction of gamma/delta T cells after the injection of Listeria monoc...

Previous studies demonstrated a requirement for multifunctional Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in PDGF-stimulated vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell migration. In the present study, molecular approaches were used specifically to assess the role of the predominant CaMKII isoform (delta(2) or delta(C)) on VSM cell migration. Kinase-negative (K43A) and constitutively active ...

delta-Iodolactone (6-iodo-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic delta-lactone, delta-IL), an iodinated derivative of arachidonic acid, has been shown to be synthesized in thyroid tissue and to inhibit thyroid cell proliferation. It is discussed as a potential mediator of the autoregulatory pathway of iodide in cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)- and thyrotropin (TSH)-independent growth. We therefore ...

Although the mu selective agonist [D-Ala2-MePhe4-Gly-ol5]enkephalin (DAMGO) and the delta selective agonist [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE) are both antinociceptive when administered directly into the spinal cord of mice, 50% of antinociceptive dose (AD50) of DAMGO is about 2 orders of magnitude lower than the AD50 of DPDPE. In contrast, the two ligands show similar affinities for their respe...

let $alpha$ be an endomorphism and $delta$ an $alpha$-derivationof a ring $r$.  in this paper we  study the relationship between an$r$-module $m_r$ and the  general polynomial module  $m[x]$ over theskew polynomial ring $r[x;alpha,delta]$. we introduce the notionsof skew-armendariz modules and skew quasi-armendariz modules whichare generalizations of $alpha$-armendariz modules and extend thecla...

Particulate pollutants cause adverse health effects through the generation of oxidative stress. A key question is whether these effects are mediated by the particles or their chemical compounds. In this article we show that aliphatic, aromatic, and polar organic compounds, fractionated from diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), exert differential toxic effects in RAW 264.7 cells. Cellular analyses s...

background: formaldehyde is extensively used for preservation of cadavers in departments of anatomy. however, it is a noxious chemical which may cause serious health problems. objective: to assess the effect of exposure of medical students to formaldehyde at the department of anatomy, niger delta university, nigeria. methods: in a questionnaire-based study, 93 second-year medical students were ...

The globus pallidus and ventral pallidum receive dense enkephalinergic innervation from the dorsal and ventral striatum, respectively. A previous study demonstrated peripheral morphine administration to increase pallidal enkephalin release. To determine whether such opioid stimulatory effects may be mediated directly in the pallidum, in vivo microdialysis was used to study the effects of local ...

We observed that buprenorphine 20 micrograms kg-1 i.v. in dogs caused an initial significant reduction in both A delta and C fibre mediated somatosympathetic reflexes evoked by tibial and radial nerve stimulation, to approximately 75% and 70% of control values. Larger doses (up to 100 micrograms kg-1 i.v.) had progressively less effect and the mean responses were depressed to only approximately...