OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present paper is to assess the relationship between food insecurity and food consumption patterns, anthropometric measures and serum micronutrient levels in rural Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. DESIGN A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out between March and May of 2005. SETTING Rural Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. SUBJECTS Analysis was restricted to 1014 adu...

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We present a method for estimating transmission matrices that describe the mixing and the probability of infection between age groups. Transmission matrices can be used to estimate age-dependent forces of infection in age-structured, compartmental models for the study of infectious diseases. We have analyzed the social network generated by bipartite graphs for the synthetic city of Portland and...

background there has been no data on population based dietary patterns during the ramadan fasting month. objectives the purpose of this study was to detect ramadan major dietary patterns among those who fast in tehran. materials and methods this cross-sectional study included 600 subjects, aged 18-65 with body mass index (bmi) of 18.5-40, who had decided to fast during ramadan. anthropometric m...

learning is tedious and momentary when clinical education is uniform. one of the aspects that affect the structure and qualitative texture of clinical education are utilization of clinical education patterns. because nursing students must learn about problem solving skills, some thought provoking strategies for problem solving is needed. many studies showed that clinical education patterns are ...

finger prints of 68 patients with down's syndrome and 93 controls have been collected and analyzed for topological of formulation of finger tip patterns suggested by loesch (1975). the results showed that there may be great differences in the dictionary of the finger patterns of the patients and their controls. mean lunar and radial patterns showed mostly significant differences among the patie...

background: diabetes is a major risk factor of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease with high mortality. prevalence of diabetes type 2 is increasing in middle eastand iran. in the current study, relationship between major food patterns and diabetes type 2 were assessed. methods: in this case control study, 332 subjects (110 newly diagnosed cases and 222 controls); 43-77 years of age ...

background and objectives: this study was designed to investigate the association between parental behavior and the dietary intake of tehranian preschool children aged 2-6 years. materials and methods: in a cross-sectional study conducted on 310 children aged 2-6 years from the kindergartens of 22 districts of tehran, a qualitative validated 85-item food frequency questionnaire was completed by...

exhaust emissions contribute greatly to air pollution, the social cost of which may occur as danger to human health, attracting huge medical expenses, causing absenteeism and hence loss of productivity. these are incentives to reduce exhaust emissions to the barest minimum. two major cities in ghana, accra and kumasi, are struck by vehicular traffic jams especially during rush-hours and are gra...

a volume of essays on topics in demography honoring Paul demeny would be incomplete without asking why large parts of the european civilization that produced Paul, a gentleman and a scholar in the finest sense of both words, have decided, through the aggregate decisions of women and men, to commit gradual “demographic suicide.” one would think that potential mothers and fathers, facing the prom...