The paper deals with population ageing from demographic aspects. It is a general trend in human development. A new accelerated stage with shrinking labour force has been started. There is a redefinition of young, working-age and old-age groups. Trends in schooling, postponement in family formation, childbearing are connected also with ageing with this respect. The cohort ageing can also be defi...

We present a large scale study of the languages spoken by bilingual workers on Mechanical Turk (MTurk). We establish a methodology for determining the language skills of anonymous crowd workers that is more robust than simple surveying. We validate workers’ selfreported language skill claims by measuring their ability to correctly translate words, and by geolocating workers to see if they resid...

Analysis of gene expression microarray data for pathophysiology of sepsis is crucial for sepsis diagnosis and treatment. With several limitations of gene expression profiling experiment, statistically accurate simulated microarray datasets is an economical method for disease diagnosis. In this work, control and sepsis patient models are developed. This is done by incorporating the variation in ...

At this point, it is nearly impossible to escape discussion of the aging of the baby boom and its implications for Social Security. No set of reasonable demographic and economic assumptions yields a forecast of long-term solvency for the program as it exists today (Board of Trustees 1997; Congressional Budget Office (CBO) 1997). Some reform is necessary. The open questions are which reforms and...

Buchanan et al. (1) correctly identify accurate Paleoindian population estimates as an important test of the Younger Dryas boundary (YDB) extraterrestrial impact hypothesis (2). They claim that cumulative probabilities of 628 14C-dated components provide evidence for population continuity across the YDB. In fact, only 80 components fall within the interval of interest ( 11,500 to 10,500 14C yea...

Over the last few years, many European and North American countries have reported a high rate of disorders (mortality, dwindling and disappearance) affecting honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera). Although beekeeping has become an increasingly professional activity in recent years, the beekeeping industry remains poorly documented in Europe. The European Union Reference Laboratory for Honeybee Hea...

To explain the links between population distribution and economic integration, we construct a spatial economics model with endogenous fertility. A higher population concentration increases real wages and child-raising costs, thus lowering the fertility rate. However, people migrate to more populated regions to obtain higher real wages. We show that mobility across regions results in more people...

According to the much-discussed argument from divine hiddenness, God’s existence is disconfirmed by the fact that not everyone believes in God. The argument has provoked an impressive range of theistic replies, but none has overcome – or, I suggest, could overcome – the challenge posed by the uneven distribution of theistic belief around the world, a phenomenon for which naturalistic explanatio...

Without policy reforms, the aging of the U.S. population is likely to increase the burden of the currently unfunded Social Security and Medicare systems. In this paper we build an applied general equilibrium model and incorporate the population projections made by the Social Security Administration (SSA) to evaluate the macroeconomic and welfare implications of alternative fiscal responses to t...

This study investigates the role of demographics, specifically gender, on susceptibility to three social influence types for certain products. Data were collected in two stages from business students at a large university. Analyses were performed at the construct and product levels. At the construct level, marital status and living situation were found to be the significant demographics for bot...