In Böcker and Klüppelberg (2005) we presented a simple approximation of OpVaR of a single operational risk cell. The present paper derives approximations of similar quality and simplicity for the multivariate problem. Our approach is based on modelling of the dependence structure of different cells via the new concept of a Lévy copula. JEL Classifications: G18,G39.

The self-assembly of molecules into complex superstructures underpins the functionality many biological processes and physical materials. Many such structures stem from amphiphilic monomer units, with attractions repulsions between their ends determining structure state assembled system under equilibrium, which affect its function. photophysical electronic properties fullerene (C60) have been e...

We describe a solid-state material formed from binary assembly of atomically precise molecular clusters. [Co6Se8(PEt3)6][C60]2 and [Cr6Te8(PEt3)6][C60]2 assembled into a superatomic relative of the cadmium iodide (CdI2) structure type. These solid-state materials showed activated electronic transport with activation energies of 100 to 150 millielectron volts. The more reducing cluster Ni9Te6(PE...

The fullerene era was started in 1985 with the discovery of the stable C60 cluster and its interpretation as a cage structure with the familiar shape of a soccer ball [1]. An explosive growth in fullerene research was triggered in 1990 by the development of a method to produce fullerenes in bulk quantities [2]. Subsequently, the structural, electronic, and vibrational properties of many fullere...

Although the calculation of the ground-state and thermodynamic properties of solid C60 have been the subject of intense research, our understanding is still based on ad hoc models that treat phenomenologically both the Coulomb and short-range part of the interaction potential between C60 molecules. These potentials do not predict well those properties not fitted to fix the free parameters of th...

The construction of martingales with given marginal distributions at given times is a recurrent problem in financial mathematics. From a theoretical point of view, this problem is well-known as necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such martingales have been described. Moreover several explicit constructions can even be derived from solutions to the Skorokhod embedding proble...

Rydberg series of C60 are reported for the first time. The Rydberg states are seen in photoelectron spectra using ultrashort pulsed-laser excitation, where the excited states formed are ionized with one further photon from the same laser pulse. The structure is observed for pulse durations as short as 100 fs with indications of residual structure for even shorter pulse excitation. The productio...

Nano-scale particles have attracted a lot of attention for its potential use in medical studies, in particular for the diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, the toxicity and other side effects caused by the undesired interaction between nanoparticles and DNA/RNA are not clear. To address this problem, a model to evaluate the general rules governing how nanoparticles interact with DNA/RN...