An important component of the ocean’s thermohaline circulation is the sinking of dense water from continental shelves to abyssal depths. Such downslope flow is thought to be a consequence of bottom stress retarding the alongslope flow of density-driven plumes. In this paper the authors explore the potential for explicitly simulating this simple mechanism in z-coordinate models. A series of expe...

Triangulation and histological studies were made of skin ablation depths following skin treatments with a Fotona Dynamis Er:YAG laser system. The following laser handpieces were used in the study: Full beam handpieces R04 and R11; Stamping patterned handpieces PS01, PS02 and PS03; fractionated handpiece FS01 and c) Scanning fractional handpiece F22. The laser fluence (F) was found to be the maj...

The time variation of crustal velocities in tectonic regions is most reasonably attributed to stressinduced variations in crack porosity. The decrease in V•,/Vs before arthquakes is due primarily to a large decrease in Vp. This supports the Nur dilatancy hypothesis but not the effective stress hypothesis. New data from the San Fernando region verify the Vp drop, show that this drop cannot be en...

In Swedish forestry, final felling is usually done by a harvester and a forwarder. These machines are heavy and the risk for rutting and soil compaction can be considerable under unfavourable soil conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of forwarder tyre inflation pressure on rutting and soil compaction after final felling. Three levels of forwarder tyre pressure were studied,...

We examine 20-yr data sets of seismic activity from 10 volcanic areas in the western United States for annual periodic signals (seasonality), focusing on large calderas (Long Valley caldera and Yellowstone) and stratovolcanoes (Cascade Range). We apply several statistical methods to test for seasonality in the seismic catalogs. In 4 of the 10 regions, statistically significant seasonal modulati...

Scouring around a bridge pier is a complex phenomenon. More laboratory experiments are required to understand the scour mechanism. This paper focused on time development of local scour around piers and piles in semi integral bridges. Laboratory data collected at Hydraulics Laboratory, University of Malaya was analyzed for this purpose. Tests were performed with two different uniform sediment si...

Statistical analysis of art, particularly of the abstract genre, is becoming an increasingly important tool for understanding the image creation process. We present a multifractal clustering analysis of non-representational images painted by adults and children using a ‘pouring’ technique. The effective dimensions (D0) are measured for each, as is the associated multifractal depth ΔD = D0 D∞. I...