In recent years, descriptive models of risky choice have incorporated features that reflect the importance of particular outcome values in choice. Cumulative prospect theory (CPT) does this by inserting a reference point in the utility function. SP/A (security-potential/aspiration) theory uses aspiration level as a second criterion in the choice process. Experiment 1 compares the ability of the...

XML and Web Services technologies have revolutionized the way data are exchanged on the Internet. Meanwhile, Spatial OLAP (SOLAP) tools have emerged to bridge the gap between the Business Intelligence and Geographic Information Systems domains. While Web Services specifications such as XML for Analysis enable the use of OLAP tools in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) environments, no solution...

Lossless lightweight data compression is a very important optimization technique in various application domains like database systems, information retrieval or machine learning. Despite this importance, currently, there exists no comprehensive and non-technical abstraction. To overcome this issue, we have developed a systematic approach using metamodeling that focuses on the non-technical conce...

Education constitutes a field subjected to a constant process of change in order to be adapted to the characteristics and requirements of society. This process requests from both present and future teachers the ability to be constantly updated and the disposition to face the changes in a positive way. Below we present the results of a descriptive study on the resistance to change among students...

XML and Web Services technologies have revolutionized the way data are exchanged on the Internet. Meanwhile, Spatial OLAP (SOLAP) tools have emerged to bridge the gap between the Business Intelligence and Geographic Information Systems domains. While Web Services specifications such as XML for Analysis enable the use of OLAP tools in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) environments, no solution...

In highly regulated environments, where a set of norms defines accepted behaviour, protocols provide a way to reduce complexity by giving direct, step by step guidelines for behaviour, as long as the protocols comply with the norms. In this work we propose a formal framework to design a protocol from a normative specification. In order to be able to connect (descriptive) norms with (operational...

In highly regulated environments, where a set of norms defines accepted behaviour, protocols provide a way to reduce complexity by giving direct, step by step guidelines for behaviour, as long as the protocols comply with the norms. In this work we propose a formal framework to design a protocol from a normative specification. In order to be able to connect (descriptive) norms with (operational...

This paper discusses the design and use of linear, generalized linear, and generalized linear mixed models for evaluation and comparison of human face recognition algorithms. These models are introduced in a cohesive framework, and their benefits (compared to simple one-way descriptive comparisons) are reviewed. Several example analyses involving algorithm configuration and subject covariates i...

In this paper, we investigate the concept of unconditional transfer within various forms of regulated grammars like programmed grammars, matrix grammars, grammars with regular control, grammars controlled by bicoloured digraphs, and periodically time-variant grammars , especially regarding their descriptive capacity. Moreover, we sketch the relations to restricted parallel mechanisms like k-, u...

The teacher consciously stonewalls when confronted with non-standard usage to prescribe quite rigidly what is acceptable linguistic usage and what is not. What is so artificial about this behavlour, of course, is that our implicit linguistic models are descriptive and not prescriptive; they model what we expect, not what we demand. People are quite good at understanding language which they, whe...